My Exam 3

Question 1

the hard part of the bone is known as

Answer 1

apatite

Question 2

the fibrous protein found in bone that provides a base for mineralization is known as

Answer 2

collagen

Question 3

water excretion is regulated by the brain and the

Answer 3

kidneys

Question 4

what is the most accurate statement about the body’s water balance

Answer 4

metabolic water is generated in the tissues as a product of chemical reactions

Question 5

only a small amount of magnesium is found in the extracellular fluids, but that amount plays an important role

Answer 5

in muscle contraction

Question 6

calcium in the body’s fluids performs all of the following major roles except

Answer 6

helping maintain normal blood glucose

Question 7

a person’s absorption of calcium varies based on

Answer 7

age or life stage

Question 8

over half the body’s magnesium is stored in the

Answer 8

bones

Question 9

what is the principal positively charged ion inside body cells

Answer 9

potassium

Question 10

the principal food source of chloride is

Answer 10

salt

Question 11

which element must be available for thyroxine to be synthesized

Answer 11

iodine

Question 12

which of the following impairs iron absorption

Answer 12

phytates

Question 13

which elements stabilizes bone and makes teeth resistant to decay

Answer 13

fluoride

Question 14

a zinc toxicity reduces

Answer 14

iron absorption

Question 15

which is considered to be the most essential of all nutrients

Answer 15

water

Question 16

if a person has a deficient dietary intake of calcium, what will be the result

Answer 16

no change in levels of calcium in the blood because calcium will be pulled from the bones

Question 17

the DASH diet is more effective in reducing blood pressure than just decreasing sodium alone because it increases consumption of what

Answer 17

potassium by greatly increasing intakes of fruits and vegetables

Question 18

when trying to consume adequate dietary iron, it is helpful to

Answer 18

combine vitamin C-rich foods with non-heme iron sources in the same meal

Question 19

do high intake of iron foods pose a danger to healthy people??

Answer 19

no, because the body adjusts the amount of iron absorbed

Question 20

citrus fruits, such as oranges, lemons, and limes are especially good sources of

Answer 20

vitamin C

Question 21

what effect does zinc deficiency have on the body

Answer 21

impairs the immune response, leading to increased infections

Question 22

you are working with a child in a health clinic who has growth retardation, impaired immunity, and a poor appetite. This child is most likely experiencing ___ deficiency

Answer 22

zinc

Question 23

what is currently known about fluoride in drinking water supplies?

Answer 23

in communities where fluoride is lacking in the water there is a high dental decay rate

Question 24

bone strength later in life depends on

Answer 24

the formation of dense bones during youth

Question 25

water-soluble vitamins are absorbed directly into the blood and thus stored more readily in the tissues

Answer 25

false

Question 26

the most familiar function of vitamin A is to sustain normal eyesight

Answer 26

true

Question 27

vitamin d deficiency in children can cause bowed legs, an abnormality seen in the disease rickets

Answer 27

true

Question 28

infants are born with adequate vitamin K in their intestinal tracts

Answer 28

false

Question 29

the b vitamins work together with enzymes in the metabolism of energy nutrients and in the making of new cells

Answer 29

true

Question 30

by definition, a vitamin is all of the following

Answer 30

indispensable to body function
required to prevent deficiency diseases
needed in minute amounts

Question 31

a compound in food that can be converted into an active vitamin inside the body is known as a

Answer 31

provitamin

Question 32

water-soluble vitamins

Answer 32

B,C,E

Question 33

any disease that produces___malabsorption can bring about deficiencies of vitamins A, D, E, K

Answer 33

fat

Question 34

water soluble vitmains

Answer 34

are easily excreted in urine

Question 35

what is one symptom of a beta-carotene toxicity

Answer 35

bright yellow/orange skin

Question 36

important roles of vitamin D include

Answer 36

bone health
cell growth and specialization
influence over reproductive system cells

Question 37

vitamin D deficiency disease that develops in adults is known as

Answer 37

osteomalacia

Question 38

vitamin E serves as

Answer 38

an antioxidant

Question 39

as people consume more polyunsaturated oil their need for vitamin___rises

Answer 39

E

Question 40

a non-food source of vitamin K is

Answer 40

intestinal bacteria

Question 41

what is not acharacteristic of water-soluble vitamins

Answer 41

they are stored extensively in tissues

Question 42

what is not one of the functions of vitamin C

Answer 42

to maintain the functions of the reproductive organs

Question 43

to obtain the maximum amount of vitamin C from vegetables, you would

Answer 43

consume them promptly after purchasing

Question 44

the B vitamins act as part of

Answer 44

coenzymes

Question 45

beriberi an be caused by

Answer 45

thiamin deficiency

Question 46

pellagra is a ___ deficiency disease

Answer 46

niacin

Question 47

which B vitamin is especially important for women of childbearing age to prevent neural tube defects

Answer 47

folate

Question 48

the main reason for fortifying enriched grain products with folic acid is to

Answer 48

reduce the incidence of birth defects called neural tube defects

Question 49

an uninformed strict vegan is at special risk for___deficiency

Answer 49

vitamin B12

Question 50

which vitamin aids in the conversion of tryptophan to niacin

Answer 50

vitamin B6

Question 51

the best way to select foods that are rich in vitamin is to

Answer 51

select a wide variety of whole foods to get a balance of vitamins

Question 52

vitamin toxicity is more of a concern with which type of vitamins

Answer 52

fat-soluble vitamins because they are stored more readily in body tissues

Question 53

you would tell a person who did not meet his recommended intakes for the fat-soluble vitamins on a single day to

Answer 53

not be concerned as long as his diet as a whole provides average amounts that approximate the recommended intakes

Question 54

antioxidant nutrients that actively scavenge and quench free radicals in the body include

Answer 54

vitamin E

Question 55

normal adults absorb____of calcium consumed

Answer 55

25-30%

Question 56

the first man to study colorado brown stain was

Answer 56

fredrick mckay

Question 57

the man responsible for finding the cure for scurvy was

Answer 57

james lind

Question 58

the man responsible for finding the cause of beriberi was

Answer 58

christian eijkman

Question 59

the best source of fluoride is bottled water

Answer 59

false

Question 60

the main function of selenium in cells is

Answer 60

to protect cells against oxidation