Mycobacteria

Question 1

Structures of mycobacteria’s cell membrane and cell wall?

Answer 1

Mannophosphoinositide var membrandan başlıyor
Lipoarabinomannan varyine membranda cell wallı da delip geçiyor
Thick peptidoglycan layer
Arabinogalactan starting from peptidoglycan
Mycolic acid at the top of arabinogalactan

Question 2

On pathogenic mycobacteria there is a special mycolic acid named also cord factor ____

Answer 2

trehalose 6-6’ dimycolic acid

Question 3

What is atypical mycobacterium?

Answer 3

Mycobacterium that causes other stuff than tuberculosis.Synonyms are NTM,MOTT

Question 4

General properties of mycobacteria?

Answer 4

Waxy(bcs of highly rich lipid content in cell wall)
Very resistant to all environmental conditions and ab
AEROBİC
NON MOTİLE
NON TOXİGENİC
NON ENCAPSULATED

Question 5

What is the major virulence factor of mycobacteria?

Answer 5

Cell Wall

Question 6

What is the 3 major groups of mycobacteria?

Answer 6

Pathogenic
Opportunistic
Saprophytic

Question 7

What are the pathogenic mycobacterias?

Answer 7

Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and mycobacterium leprosy

Question 8

What are the mycobacterium complex mycobacteriums?

Answer 8

Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium bovis
Mycobacterium  africanum
Mycobacterium microti
Mycobacterium caprae
Mycobacterium  pinnipedil
Mycobacterium   canettii

Question 9

Which mycobacterium is used for BCG vaccine formation?

Answer 9

M.bovis

Question 10

Which mycobacterium can be misdiagnosed as tuberculosis?

Answer 10

M.kansaii

Question 11

Which mycobacterium saprophytic and also a part of normal flora of skin and airways?

Answer 11

M.smegmatis

Question 12

What are the 3 culture methods for mycobacterium?

Answer 12

Lowenstein-Jensen medium
Middlebrook medium
Liquid medium based (MGIT)

Question 13

Lowenstein-Jensen medium contents?

Answer 13

Egg,Potato,Malachite green,Glycerol

Question 14

Middlebrook medium contents?

Answer 14

Albumin,Agar,Dextrose,Catalase,NaCl

Question 15

What are the microscopic examination methods for mycobacteria?

Answer 15

Ziehl Neelson method (acid fast bacteria)
Kinyoun method
Auramine rhodamine method(fluorochrome dyes)

Question 16

What is the best lab method for tuberculosis?

Answer 16

İsolation by culture method

Question 17

What is the therapy method that WHO found for treatment for tuberculosis patients?

Answer 17

DOT (Direct Observation Therapy)

Question 18

What are the drugs for tuberculosis?

Answer 18

FİRST 2 MONTHS 
İSONİAZİD
RİFAMPİN
PYRAZİNAMİDE
ETHAMBUTOL
LAST 4 MONTHS
İSONİAZİD 
RİFAMPİN

Question 19

What is DR,MDR and XDR?

Answer 19

DR:Resistance to any drug
MDR:Resistance to isoniazid and rifampin
XDR:In addition to MDR,resistance to quinolone and one injectable drug

Question 20

What is the major reasons of resistance of mycobacteria to ab?

Answer 20

High mycolic acid and

High rate of mutation

Question 21

What is resistance?

Answer 21

%1 growth in the presence of critical concentration of tuberculosis drug

Question 22

Tuberculoid Leprosy?

Answer 22

Benign and non progressive
Macular skin lesions
Severe asymmetric nerve involvement
few bacilli in lesions
positive lepromin test
intact cell mediated immunity

Question 23

Lepramatous Leprosy?

Answer 23

Malignant and progressive
Nodular skin lesions(Destructs bone and cartilage)
Symmetric nerve involvement
Abundant bacilli in lesions
Negative lepromin test
Deficient cell mediated immunity