N-Z

Question 0

Torsion

Answer 0

Etymology: L, torquere, to twist
1 the process of twisting in a positive (clockwise) or negative (counterclockwise) direction.
2 the state of being turned.
3 (in dentistry) the twisting of a tooth on its long axis.

Question 1

Volvulus

Answer 1

Etymology: L, volvere, to turn

A twisting of the bowel on itself, causing intestinal obstruction. The condition is frequently the result of a prolapsed segment of mesentery and occurs most often in the ileum, the cecum, or the sigmoid parts of the bowel. If it is not corrected, the obstructed bowel becomes necrotic, peritonitis and rupture of the bowel occur, and death may ensue. Severe gripping pain, nausea and vomiting, an absence of bowel sounds, and a tense distended abdomen suggest the diagnosis, which is confirmed by x-ray examination.

Question 2

Tamponade

Answer 2

Etymology: Fr, tamponner, to plug up

stoppage of the blood flow to an organ or a part of the body by pressure, such as by a tampon or a pressure dressing applied to stop a hemorrhage or by the compression of a part by an accumulation of fluid, such as in cardiac tamponade.

Question 3

Bursa

Answer 3

A sac or saclike bodily cavity, especially one containing a viscous lubricating fluid and located between a tendon and a bone or the point of friction between moving structures.

Question 4

Petechia

Answer 4

A small purpleish spot on a body surface, such as the skin or mucous membranes, caused by a minute hemorrhage and often seen in Typhus.

Question 5

Ruga

Answer 5

A fold, crease, or wrinkle, as in the lining of the stomach. Often used in the plural, rugae.

Question 6

Thrombus

Answer 6

A clot consisting of fibrin, platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells that forms in any blood vessel or any chamber of the heart and can obstruct bloodflow. The rupture of atherosclerotic plaques can cause arterial thrombosis (the formation of thrombi), while tissue injury, decreased movement, oral contraceptives, prosthetic heart valves, and various metabolic disorders increase the risk for venous thrombosis. A thrombus in a coronary artery can cause a heart attack.

Question 7

Phalanx

Answer 7

Any of the long bones of the fingers or toes, numbering 14 for each hand or foot: two for the thumb or big toe, and three each for the other four digits. The singular form of phalanges.