Narrative

Question 1

Bordwell:
Narrative is the depiction of a _______ of ________in ________ & _______relationship, occurring in _______ & ______.

Answer 1

chain; events; cause; effect; space; time

Question 2

Narrative always involves __________

Answer 2

change

Question 3

Characters are the most common ________ of _________

Answer 3

agents of change

Question 4

Other than humans, what or who can be an agent of change?

Answer 4

Natural disasters; animals & supernatural phenomena/beings

Question 5

The story is the events as they….

Answer 5

would occur chronologically (‘what happens’)

Question 6

The plot is the events as they….

Answer 6

are shown in the film (‘how we are told’)

Question 7

Plot time usually _______________ story time

Answer 7

compresses (shortens)

Question 8

Name two ways in which story time is compressed in film

Answer 8

Editing within and between scenes; Montage; speeding up the film

Question 9

Name two ways in which story time is expanded in film

Answer 9

Slow motion; repetition; multiple perspectives

Question 10

Traditional narrative structures tend to be________________, from the POV of the _____________ , have a ___________ structure and a clear____________

Answer 10

chronological; protagonist; 3 act; resolution

Question 11

A gap in story time created by editing is called….

Answer 11

ellipsis

Question 12

A flash back is also known as an

Answer 12

analepsis

Question 13

A flashforward is also known as a

Answer 13

prolepsis

Question 14

Name the three aspects of story time, which may be manipulated by a filmmaker

Answer 14

Temporal order, frequency & duration

Question 15

___________________ is how the audience is positioned to sympathise with a character via proximity

Answer 15

alignment

Question 16

___________________ is how the audience is positioned to sympathise with a character via shared values & beliefs

Answer 16

allegiance

Question 17

narratives are often told from a ________of ________ which aids in spectator positioning

Answer 17

point of view

Question 18

Binary oppositions create____________ which help to drive the narrative forward

Answer 18

conflict(s)

Question 19

Narrative conflicts provide an opportunity for__________

Answer 19

resolution

Question 20

Filmmakers will often ___________ spectators on ______ ______ of a binary opposition

Answer 20

one side

Question 21

Although they can be very entertaining and successful, especially in genre films, binary opposites tend to present conflict in ____________ terms.

Answer 21

simplistic

Question 22

Match the theorist:
Claude Levi-Strauss

Answer 22

Binary oppositions

Question 23

Match the theorist:
Tzvetan Todorov

Answer 23

Structure

Question 24

Match the theorist:
Vladimir Propp

Answer 24

Character roles

Question 25

Match the theorist:
Roland Barthes

Answer 25

Enigma & action codes

Question 26

Match the theorist:
David Bordwell

Answer 26

Cause & effect

Question 27

Name Propp’s main character roles

Answer 27

Hero, villain, princess, father, donor, helper, false hero

Question 28

Two alternative terms for hero & villain?

Answer 28

Protagonist & antagonist

Question 29

The princess must be female - TRUE or FALSE

Answer 29

False - the point is that the princess can be anyone who is in need of rescue, who may also be a prize or reward. Equally, the hero does not have to be male!

Question 30

What is meant by equilibrium?

Answer 30

It is the status quo (things as they are, good or bad) at the start of the narrative

Question 31

The resolution of a narrative, apart from providing an end to the narrative, also offers a ‘lesson’ which is tied to_____________

Answer 31

Ideology - messages and values which confirm a particular world view

Question 32

As well as being embodied in conflict between actual characters, binary oppositions are often _____________ or ____________, or both!

Answer 32

Thematic: good vs evil
Representational: Young vs old