NCE Exam Prep Practice Exam 4/25

Question 1

Mark lives in a college town and has had a small private counseling practice in the past. His son is now of the age to want to play organized sports with a locally organized league close to his home. Unfortunately, the team is without a coach and Mark is considering whether he should volunteer or not. He knows that potential clients are present as the parents of the other boys. He should….

evaluate his availability and skills with his family and make a decision based on his personal values and goals for his family.

have his coaching assignment approved through the NBCC since he will be interacting with potential clients.

not consider coaching because he will meet new people and see how they act in this particular setting.

coach but hand out his cards at every game so that all the parents know that he will be viewing all of their conversations with him and their actions through the eyes of counseling parameters.

Answer 1

evaluate his availability and skills with his family and make a decision based on his personal values and goals for his family.

Question 2

The developmental model of supervision which includes the three levels of stagnation, confusion, and integration is the….

Logenbill, Hardy, and Delworth Model.

Littrell, Lee-Borden, and Lorenz Model.

Bernard and Goodyear Model.

Stoltenberg Model.

Answer 2

Logenbill, Hardy, and Delworth Model.

Question 3

Which of the following answers most accurately describes the time frame when it is most appropriate to have a romantic, sexual relationship with a client….

It is appropriate after you’ve seen the client for 2 years.

It is not appropriate to have sex with a client.

It is appropriate as long as it does not create trauma for you or your client.

It is appropriate as long as the client consents.

Answer 3

It is not appropriate to have sex with a client.

Question 4

The type of research that attempts to establish a relationship between two variables for predictive purposes is….

predictive research.

correlational research.

experimental research.

descriptive research.

Answer 4

correlational research.

Question 5

Variability, in statistics, measures how scores in a distribution are spread from the reference point of the mean and includes all of the following statistics EXCEPT….

Correlation

Standard deviation

Range

Interquartile range

Answer 5

Correlation

Question 6

Nora makes lists of things to do and prioritizes her lists to practice effective time management. The scale of measurement she is using is….

interval.

ratio.

nominal.

ordinal.

Answer 6

ordinal.

Question 7

Researchers are planning a study about the effect of TV on children. The first step in setting up experimental research is….

Review Later

stating the purpose of the experiment.

stating a null hypothesis.

establishing a control group.

defining the independent variables.

Answer 7

stating the purpose of the experiment.

Question 8

In an experiment designed to determine whether sixth-grade middle-class girls perform better than sixth-grade upper-class boys on tests of language ability, the dependent variable(s) is (are) each child’s

performance on the language test and social class.

grade level in school and gender.

performance on the language test.

social class.

Answer 8

performance on the language test.

Question 9

9. The court case ruling that set the national standard for balancing a counselor‘s duty to clients with the duty for social welfare when the counselor predicts potential violence is likely to occur from the client toward some individual/s is known as

Brown.

Bradley.

Jaffee.

Tarasoff.

Answer 9

Tarasoff.

Question 10

10. The client sitting in front of you is a 47 year old man who has lost his job to “downsizing.” He is seeking your help in dealing with depression. You explain your contract with him and he brings up the issue of professional ethics. Authorities in the area of ethical behavior in counseling seem to agree that ethical behavior in counseling is

not a major problem at this time and will probably not become one soon.

a major problem that needs a great deal of attention before it can be eliminated.

not a problem at this time, but may be in the future.

a major problem at this time, but is well on its way to being eliminated.

Answer 10

a major problem that needs a great deal of attention before it can be eliminated.

Question 11

Dr. Jackson administered a standardized test to his research group of 600 subjects where X = 50, SD = 5, range = 10, median = 50, and mode = 50. In considering the results, she knows that

50% of the scores are equal to 50.

14% of the scores fall between -1s and +1s.

68% of the scores are between 45 and 55.

48% of the scores are greater than 5

Answer 11

68% of the scores are between 45 and 55.

Question 12

A group that receives special treatment in a psychological study is called a/an _________ group.

experimental

variable

control

None of the Above

Answer 12

experimental

Question 13

What is the range of the following set of scores? 44, 46, 47, 39, 45, 57, 37, 46, 65.

26

Normal

Negatively skewed

28

Answer 13

28

Question 14

Which of the following emphasized the process of supervision as actually a modified form of therapy?

Holloway

Rogers

Bradley

Bernard and Goodyear

Answer 14

Rogers

Question 15

15. All of the following are examples of tests of inferential statistics EXCEPT:

stanine

chi-square

ANOVA

t-test

Answer 15

stanine

Question 16

Many professionals believe that a code of ethics is only as strong as the underlying moral principles and virtues that incorporate the ethical decision making process. Which of the following moral principles are identified in Kitchener’s Critical Evaluation model?

Honesty, Integrity, Truthfulness, Caring

Beneficence, Justice, Respect, Nonmaleficence

Autonomy, Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, Justice

None of the Above

Answer 16

Autonomy, Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, Justice

Question 17

Given the scores 80, 90, 60, 100, and 70, the mean is

80

75

60

85

Answer 17

80

Question 18

Given the scores 95, 77, 91, 91, 82, 88, 84, 85, and 79, the mean is

91

80

86

85

Answer 18

86

Question 19

All of the following principles are reflected in the Ethical Standards of professional counselors EXCEPT:

Counselors should receive appropriate fees for services rendered regardless of the situations or settings in which the services were rendered.

Revelation of a counselor’s notes on a client should not be made to other professionals unless the client has provided written permission to do so or the information has been subpoenaed by a court of law.

Counselors have a right to protect clients from themselves if the clients give evidence of being self-injurious.

Improvement of the profession through a variety of professional involvements is a responsibility of all counselors.

Answer 19

Counselors should receive appropriate fees for services rendered regardless of the situations or settings in which the services were rendered.

Question 20

Which of the following infers a counselor intervention which most closely follows client verbalizations?

Reflection of feelings

Confrontation

Positive regard

Restatement of content

Answer 20

Reflection of feelings

Question 21

The theory that is based on the scientific method and principles of learning, which includes classical and operant conditioning and observational learning, is called

response theory.

cognitive theory.

psychoanalytic theory.

behavioral theory.

Answer 21

behavioral theory.

Question 22

Which of the following answers correctly identifies the first “step” in the ABC’s of REBT?

Anchoring

Precipitating event

Depression

Concordance

Answer 22

Precipitating event

Question 23

A consultant is hired by an organization to help the administrators evaluate the effectiveness of the various educational programs provided by the organization. Caplan would call this focus of consultation

consultee-centered administration.

program-centered.

consultee-centered.

client-centered.

Answer 23

program-centered.

Question 24

As a psychodrama is enacted in a group setting, the group members who comprise the audience are prompted to

provide support and feedback to the protagonist.

offer impersonal, cognitive interpretations.

spontaneously assume the role of the director.

analyze the protagonist’s ego states.

Answer 24

provide support and feedback to the protagonist.

Question 25

Humanistic psychology is growth-oriented and developed as an offspring to existential theory. While they both emphasize freedom, capability, and responsibility of the individual to make conscious choices in search for life meaning, they are also different. As the existentialist focuses on anxiety and relationships in the experiential world, a humanist focuses on

the innate potential for self-actualization.

anxiety in a subjective world.

compliance with internal projections.

self-actualization through reflection of external markers.

Answer 25

the innate potential for self-actualization.

Question 26

Of the following minority groups, which is usually considered to be most sensitive to non-verbal cues?

Black Americans

Native Americans

Asian Americans

Hispanic American

Answer 26

Asian Americans

Question 27

Divorce rates for teenagers are

3 times greater than for parents over the age of 20.

4 times greater than for parents over the age of 20.

2 times greater than for parents under the age of 20.

None of the Above

Answer 27

3 times greater than for parents over the age of 20.

Question 28

When counselors refer to mistaken goals, self-defeating behaviors, and inferiority complex, they are most likely referring to

Rollo May.

Alfred Adler.

B.F. Skinner.

Karen Horney.

Answer 28

Alfred Adler.

Question 29

Who pioneered the concept of “classroom meetings”?

Ginott

Dinkmeyer

Rogers

Glasser

Answer 29

Glasser

Question 30

Every time a rat pushes a lever, a food pellet is disbursed. In operant conditioning, this is called

non-contingent reinforcement.

secondary reinforcement.

contingent reinforcement.

discriminative stimulus.

Answer 30

contingent reinforcement.

Question 31

Which of the following techniques would be included by a psychoanalytic group?

Contracting

Client‘s dream analysis

Goal setting

Free association

Answer 31

Free association

Question 32

Jena is having problems with a particular group member who consistently asks personal questions that do not relate to group focus. She understands from her study of groups, that this member may best be described as

The Blocker.

The Conspirator.

The Monopolizer.

The Peeping Tom.

Answer 32

The Peeping Tom

Question 33

Knowles and Knowles describe three group leader types. Which of the following is NOT a type?

Authoritative

Authoritarian

Democratic

Laissez-faire

Answer 33

Authoritative

Question 34

Insensitivity to cultural differences and the use of monocultural assumptions and stereotypes without proof of the assumptions is called

racism.

cultural assimilation.

acculturation.

cultural encapsulation.

Answer 34

cultural encapsulation.

Question 35

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding women in the United State’s work force?

Women who complete high school are much more likely to be in the work force than women who graduate from college.

The salaries of men in a profession increase proportionately to the increase in women in that profession.

Slightly less than half of women with children in pre-school work outside the home.

Women earn approximately 80-85 percent of what men earn.

Answer 35

Women earn approximately 80-85 percent of what men earn.

Question 36

A consultant meets with the administration to go over the data that was collected regarding organizational effectiveness. The consultant presents the data and facilitates discussion on how the data will be used to address concerns. Consultation is currently in what stage of organizational assessment?

Data collection

Discovery

Statistical analysis

Feedback

Answer 36

Feedback

Question 37

Which government program provides medical aid for the poor?

SSI

AARP

Medicaid

Medicare

Answer 37

Medicaid

Question 38

Human beings have the freedom and responsibility to make life meaningful as objects of experience. As subjects, they are aware of such experiences and make choices in their actions. This belief underlies which theoretical perspective?

Existential

Behavioral-learning

Cognitive-behavioral

Socio-cultural

Answer 38

Existential

Question 39

Games in transactional analysis include all of the following EXCEPT:

Games are a continuous series of ulterior transactions.

Games are followed by payoffs.

Games are hurtful and predictable.

Games are painful though accidental.

Answer 39

Games are painful though accidental.

Question 40

A group that is made up of people of similar ages, similar types of problems, and similar personality characteristics can be classified as

an endogenous group.

an androgynous group.

a heterogeneous group.

a homogeneous group.

Answer 40

a homogeneous group.

Question 41

The parenting style of not using nor tolerating aggression when raising children produces children who are _______________?

complacent

less aggressive

frustrated

more aggressive

Answer 41

less aggressive

Question 41

According to Corey, there are several advantages to group counseling that include all the following EXCEPT:

More lucrative for counselors

Exploration of social skills

Diversity in feedback

Immediate feedback

Answer 41

More lucrative for counselors

Question 42

Jung‘s collective unconscious is most like Freud’s

unconscious.

preconscious.

conscious.

subconscious.

Answer 42

unconscious.

Question 43

As a counselor, the primary techniques that you employ are aimed at making the client aware of unconscious conflicts in order to create space in which the ego can assimilate new data. One approach that you use calls for you to use your expertise to interpret the client‘s dreams in a way that explicates conflicts and meaning. This description of your work places you in which theoretical camp?

Psychoanalytic

Person-centered

Interpersonal

Adlerian

Answer 43

Psychoanalytic

Question 44

Crisis intervention begins with

reminding the client that you can be trusted to help him/ her through the difficulties.

asking the client to focus on answering your questions as a way of focusing and feeling better.

clarifying additional resources that the client will have access to.

listening calmly as the client catharts.

Answer 44

listening calmly as the client catharts.

Question 45

Considering Yalom’s designated group leader types with corresponding styles and effectiveness levels, the laissez-faires are passive with poor effectiveness, and the managers are managing with the worst effectiveness level. What type is best described by an aggressive style?

Social engineers

Providers

Impersonals

Energizers

Answer 45

Energizers

Question 46

In dealing with analytic groups, counselors recognize the final stage of that particular type of group as consisting of

working through dreams.

analysis of transference.

final and lasting integration of the three ego states.

conscious personal action and social integration.

Answer 46

conscious personal action and social integration.

Question 47

Aversion therapy has been criticized because

alternative forms of gratification must be taught to replace the maladaptive behavior.

it suppresses behavior to such an extent that alternative
responses cannot be used.

it does not decrease maladaptive behavior for even short periods of time.

None of the Above

Answer 47

it suppresses behavior to such an extent that alternative responses cannot be used.

Question 48

T-groups were initially referred to as laboratories for basic skill training and were sponsored by the National Training Laboratory (NTL), a subsection of

National Education Association.

National Career Guidance Association.

American Training and Career Development Association.

American Business Association.

Answer 48

National Education Association.

Question 49

Which of the following reinforcement schedules leads to the highest and most constant rate of response?

Variable ratio

Fixed-interval

Variable-interval

Fixed ratio

Answer 49

Variable ratio

Question 50

A growing trend of choosing compatible principles and techniques from two or more theoretical orientations as part of a counseling treatment intervention plan to best fit the needs of the client is called

pluralism.

constructivism.

eclecticism.

diversification.

Answer 50

eclecticism.

Question 51

A client is taught to recognize and monitor illogical thoughts through the client-therapist relationship and homework assignments for the practice of self-observation. The theoretical approach most likely being used is

Cognitive.

Humanistic.

Behavioral.

Psychodynamic.

Answer 51

Cognitive.

Question 52

The client, Jenny, wants to lose weight. The best behavioral response would be:

You ask Jenny to recall messages from her parents and grandparents about body image.

You inquire to clarify what Jenny wants with regard to her weight.

You assign Jenny a home study project on the Internet to clarify gender messages about weight.

You suggest an exercise and diet program that seems consistent with Jenny‘s lifestyle.

Answer 52

You inquire to clarify what Jenny wants with regard to her weight.

Question 53

Greater happiness and well being is reported among

childless people.

divorced people.

single people.

married people.

Answer 53

married people.

Question 54

Behavior is the perception of reality in which theory?

Gestalt

Reality

Field

Behavioral

Answer 54

Field

Question 55

In assigning contributing roles in the therapeutic process, which of the following answers most accurately describes what is considered to be the major contribution of the client?

Motivation

Intellectual Capacity

Emotional Depth

Cognitive Processing

Answer 55

Motivation

Question 56

Bem purports that people will function more effectively as androgynous individuals. Which of the following answers best describes the term androgyny?

Males and Females focus on developing feminine sex roles.

Males and Females are allowed to develop both masculine and feminine sex roles.

Women are encouraged to develop masculine sex roles.

Men are encouraged to develop feminine sex roles.

Answer 56

Males and Females are allowed to develop both masculine and feminine sex roles.

Question 57

Which of the following minorities groups is most characterized by the toleration of interruption within conversation?

Asian Americans

Native Americans

Hispanic Americans

Black Americans

Answer 57

Black Americans

Question 58

Which of the following would be an accurate statement regarding behavioral contracting?

It typically utilizes tokens as the major external incentive.

It has been used almost exclusively in institutional settings.

It involves specifying treatment goals and criteria for determining success or failure.

None of the Above

Answer 58

It involves specifying treatment goals and criteria for determining success or failure.

Question 59

Eric Berne developed the cognitive-behavioral therapy known as

person-centered therapy.

cognitive behavioral modification therapy.

transactional analysis.

reality therapy.

Answer 59

transactional analysis.

Question 60

Which stages listed below reflect some of the stages in consecutive order of Sue’s minority identity model for psychosocial development?

Resistance, Dissonance, Awareness, Introspection, Conformity

Introspection, Awareness, Dissonance, Conformity

Conformity, Dissonance, Resistance, Introspection, Awareness

Synergetic Articulation, Introspection, Dissonance, Conformity

Answer 60

Conformity, Dissonance, Resistance, Introspection, Awareness

Question 61

Carkhuff‘s scales measure the core conditions for effective counseling. Which of the following is NOT one of the core conditions?

Empathy

Insight

Genuineness

Respect

Answer 61

Insight

Question 62

An association that develops between a stimulus and a response is a

reinforcement.

habit.

generalization.

drive.

Answer 62

habit.

Question 63

When people of one culture give up their cultural characteristics and traditions to blend with the macro-culture, it is sometimes called

cultural pluralism.

cultural discrimination.

cultural assimilation.

cultural prejudice.

Answer 63

cultural assimilation.

Question 64

Culture looks backwards to what worked in the past and may create __________ to change in the present.

excitement

resistance

incentives

opportunities

Answer 64

resistance

Question 65

How are dreams dealt with in the Gestalt approach?

Members are taught the universal meaning of dream symbols.

Dream interpretation always involves the use of free association.

Members are asked to discover the meaning the dream has for them.

The leader interprets the dream for the member; the interpretation therefore rests on the skill of the leader.

Answer 65

Members are asked to discover the meaning the dream has for them.

Question 66

In counseling sessions, Roberta never makes eye contact with her counselor, speaks of parents with honor, withdraws when praised, and speaks of shame when her boyfriend tries to hold her hand in public. She is most characteristic of which minority group?

Asian Americans

Hispanic Americans

Black Americans

Native Americans

Answer 66

Asian Americans

Question 67

Which of the following terms is not typically associated with operant conditioning?

Reinforcement

Behavior modification

Punishment

Elicit

Answer 67

Elicit

Question 68

A person who is extrinsically motivated, would most closely correlate to which stage of Kohlberg’s moral development theory?

Not researched by Kohlberg

Post-conventional

Pre-conventional

Conventional

Answer 68

Pre-conventional

Question 69

Which of the following statements is true about PKU?

It can be diagnosed prenatally through the mother‘s blood.

Severe disability can be avoided if the infant is placed on a special diet shortly after birth.

It is an invariably fatal degenerative disease of the nervous system.

The gene for this disorder is carried by significantly more Black than Caucasian women.

Answer 69

Severe disability can be avoided if the infant is placed on a special diet shortly after birth.

Question 70

Intelligence evolves from

experience.

educational level.

heredity.

heredity and experience.

Answer 70

heredity and experience.

Question 71

Self-Efficacy theory is promoted to explain which of the following?

Overgeneralization of experiential processes

Some of the problems in career decision-making for women

Effective personal self-image creation

Unrealistic expectations of people who find themselves in over-employed situations

Answer 71

Some of the problems in career decision-making for women

Question 72

During adolescence, what are the key characteristics to peer group acceptance?

Physical development

Appearance and conformity

Parental rejection

Socioeconomic status

Answer 72

Appearance and conformity

Question 73

In Satir’s experiential family model, what would indicate normal family development?

Disassembling boundaries between generations

Recognizing when adults are no longer capable of performing adult roles

Dividing labor regardless of gender, convenience, or precedent

Producing and nurturing children

Answer 73

Producing and nurturing children

Question 74

The term that best describes an overall self-centeredness in adolescents is

personal fable.

moral autonomy.

egocentrism.

imaginary audience.

Answer 74

egocentrism.

Question 75

The term hospitalism was coined by

Harlow.

Spitz.

Lorenz.

Bowlby.

Answer 75

Spitz.

Question 76

In Erikson‘s theory, children who recognize that they can execute a behavior they intend to execute have developed which of the following characteristics?

Autonomy

Integrity

Identity

Initiative

Answer 76

Autonomy

Question 77

Factors that tend to have a positive correlation with stressful retirement include

marital status.

health and financial status.

job position and educational level.

status of the family support system.

Answer 77

health and financial status.

Question 78

Homeostasis refers to

the fear of stasis.

the usual steady state of a system.

the state of a system as it circles other systems.

the constant, expanding movement of a system out of control.

Answer 78

the usual steady state of a system.

Question 79

The belief that learning acquired through life’s unique experiences provides the basis for career choice is part of what theoretical perspective?

psychodynamic

decision-making

situational

social learning

Answer 79

social learning

Question 80

The man who developed a computer-assisted vocational guidance system known as SlGI, which assists individuals in their career decision-making process with an emphasis on relating personal values to occupational choice, is

Gelatt.

Katz.

Bowen.

Haley.

Answer 80

Katz.

Question 81

An approach to family therapy, where family members can grow individually and within the group, where a battle for structure keeps the therapist in control, where a battle for initiative keeps the family open for change, and where ante up refers to facing personal responsibilities, is Whitaker‘s

strategic approach.

systemic approach.

gestalt family therapy.

symbolic-experiential approach.

Answer 81

symbolic-experiential approach.

Question 82

John has been hired as a counselor to create educational activities that would encourage development of gender-fair (i.e., not stereotypic of sex-roles) attitudes among children in the higher elementary grades. Since John decided to develop the activities within the context of social learning theory, which of the following activities would be most appropriate for use in this setting?

Encouraging the children to tell what they believe are each of their parent’s attitudes about activities they do (e.g., active and passive behaviors).

Scheduling movies for the children to view showing females in so-called traditionally male occupations (e.g., construction worker) or activities (e.g., checking the oil on a car) and vice versa.

Instructing the children how to ask their parents what their parents‘ beliefs are about suitable roles for men and women.

Giving a reward (e.g., a small candy) to children who make gender-fair remarks during a discussion of “what people do when they grow up.”

Answer 82

Scheduling movies for the children to view showing females in so-called traditionally male occupations (e.g., construction worker) or activities (e.g., checking the oil on a car) and vice versa.

Question 83

Which of the following is a career interest inventory using Holland’s occupational model as the framework around which its results are structured?

Strong Interest Inventory

Minnesota Vocational Interest Inventory

Kuder Preference Record

Ohio Vocational Interest Blank

Answer 83

Strong Interest Inventory

Question 84

Strategic family therapists will sometimes offer up a solution that is seemingly illogical or irrational. Which of the following answers most accurately describes this type of intervention?

Inverted

Partial

Paradoxical

Proactive

Answer 84

Paradoxical

Question 85

Trait and Factor approaches focus on

Diagnosis.

Analysis.

Personal values.

Prediction.

Answer 85

Prediction.

Question 86

Kohlberg describes moral development as occurring in fixed, consecutive stages. At which stage is an individual who steals food left over from restaurants to feed poor and malnourished children?

Unconventional

Conventional

Post-conventional

Pre-conventional

Answer 86

Post-conventional

Question 87

Maturation may be defined as changes that

are dependent primarily upon the child’s environment.

are primarily quantitative.

define the total process of human adaptation.

are frequently attributed to the unfolding of genetic predispositions.

Answer 87

are frequently attributed to the unfolding of genetic predispositions.

Question 88

Title 1 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) affects employers of

50 or more employees.

25 or more employees.

15 or more employees.

any number of employees.

Answer 88

15 or more employees.

Question 89

Jerry‘s family is a high income family consisting of his father, Bill; his mother, Susan; and two twin younger sisters, Janette and Keri. Jerry is 17 and is 7 years older than his sisters. Recently, though its been going on for long time, his parents have been arguing over how Bill is spending (wasting according to Susan) significant dollars on lottery tickets. Jerry has begun to stay away from home more and more to avoid the fighting. His father, though, sees Jerry‘s staying out late as very poor decision making and is continually riding Jerry to come home earlier. When this family finally decides to seek therapy because of Jerry‘s behavior, which of the following answers most correctly states the label a systemic oriented therapist might place on Jerry if he or she (the therapist) believed that Jerry‘s staying out late was more about Jerry‘s moving out of the family system than about Bill‘s expenditures?

Incongruence

Individuation

Intentionally

Instrumental expression

Answer 89

Individuation

Question 90

Of the following individuals, the one who coined the term hospitalism is

Spitz

Erich Fromm

Mary Ainsworth

Eric Erikson

Answer 90

Spitz

Question 91

Work adjustment theory assumes that

each individual seeks to mold his or her environment while remaining flexible.

each individual seeks to achieve and maintain correspondence with his or her environment.

each individual seeks to achieve and maintain superiority over his or her environment.

each individual seeks to finish work adjustment as allowed by his or her environment.

Answer 91

each individual seeks to achieve and maintain correspondence with his or her environment.

Question 92

The Jones family system is viewed by their counselor as a balanced system where the parents’ self-esteem determines family rules. Their counselor has identified communication styles that are creating family dysfunction, while the family has designated the mother as the identified patient causing dysfunction. Such factors are typical elements of concern when the counselor uses which approach?

Contextual therapy

Structural family therapy

Conjoint family therapy

Behavioral family therapy

Answer 92

Conjoint family therapy

Question 93

Which of the following is included in Chickering‘s vectors?

Contiguous neural alignment

Developing integrity

Emergent behavioral control

Environmental expectation development

Answer 93

Developing integrity

Question 94

Holland’s theoretical framework is the basis for all of these interest inventories EXCEPT:

The Vocational Exploration and Insight Kit.

The Strong Interest Inventory.

The Self-Directed Search.

The California Psychological Inventory.

Answer 94

The California Psychological Inventory.

Question 95

One of your clients is an 11-year-old boy. His mother has told you that the boy witnessed a heated argument between her and the father shortly before the father was injured in a serious automobile accident. When you ask the boy about the argument, the boy says that he does not remember a parental argument. Freudian theory would conclude that the boy is manifesting

projection.

rationalization.

displacement.

repression.

Answer 95

repression.

Question 96

A metabolic defect which causes intellectual disability in newborns is

Down‘s syndrome.

PKU.

Turner’s syndrome.

hospitalism.

Answer 96

PKU.

Question 97

On your first (and last) attempt at bungee jumping, your bungee cord breaks. As you fell through the canyon, you became very frightened. By a miracle you landed in a stack of bushes and survived the fall, but you now notice that any picture or object that is similar to a rocky wall causes you to be very frightened. This new fear would best be explained through the principles of

the eliciting effect.

classical conditioning.

operant conditioning.

the disinhibiting effect.

Answer 97

classical conditioning.

Question 98

Cabral and Salomone contend that in accident theory the effect of chance or career decisions includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Chance plays an important role in shaping career decisions.

Career decisions are rarely purely rational.

The critical dimensions of chance encounters are their timing in relation to the individual’s development and the contexts within which they occur.

Chance modifies the individual’s ability to use cognitive methods to modify his or her career path.

Answer 98

Chance modifies the individual’s ability to use cognitive methods to modify his or her career path.

Question 99

Which of the following terms was used by Super and defined as the process of finding job satisfaction by means of obtaining knowledge about self, the world of work, and job requirements?

Trait factor approach

Career maturity

Career choice maintenance

Realistic stage of career development

Answer 99

Career maturity

Question 100

In studies of marital therapies and other types of therapy for intimate partnerships, it was found that

marital therapy is no more effective than other therapies, but is more effective than no therapy.

therapy does not seem to be effective in helping intimate relationships.

other therapies are more effective than both marital therapy and no therapy.

marital therapy is significantly more effective than both other therapies and no therapy.

Answer 100

marital therapy is significantly more effective than both other therapies and no therapy.

Question 101

Piaget refers to the dual, biological functions of cognitive development as

organization and adaptation.

adaptation and accommodation.

assimilation and centration.

reversibility and conservation.

Answer 101

adaptation and accommodation.

Question 102

Which of the following computer-assisted career guidance systems would be the best choice for comparing an individual‘s values with occupations if the individual is 60 years old?

DISCOVER-II

SIGI PLUS

SIGI

DISCOVER

Answer 102

SIGI PLUS

Question 103

In a therapy setting involving a family of four with the presenting complaint being the youngest son’s bed wetting, a Brief Solution Focused therapist would attend to what dynamic?

Exceptions

Symptoms

Triangles

Self-esteem

Answer 103

Exceptions

Question 104

In Freudian theory, the reality-based level of personality is the

ego.

id.

libido.

superego.

Answer 104

ego.

Question 105

A counselor using the trait-factor approach to career counseling understands that this approach is based on

the tendency of people to analyze and solve problems in a personally characteristic manner.

the matching of aptitude and personality characteristics to those characteristics required for success in a particular job.

finding in congruence between oneself and one’s personality type.

self expression in work that matches one’s self-concept.

Answer 105

the matching of aptitude and personality characteristics to those characteristics required for success in a particular job.

Question 106

Which of the following terms is the term used by Elkind to describe an adolescent‘s belief that others are as preoccupied with the adolescent as the adolescent is with him or herself?

Fantasy audience

Personal audience

Imaginary audience

Pre-assertive audience

Answer 106

Imaginary audience

Question 107

Tom was about to steal a book from Barnes and Noble but didn‘t when he realized that he would be humiliated if he were caught. This illustrates, in Freud‘s system, a conflict between the _________ and the __________.

superego; ego

ego; id

id; superego

ego; superego

Answer 107

id; superego

Question 108

Mary Ainsworth developed a study called the Strange Situation in which infants were observed as they were put through a calculated series of introductions, separations, and reunions with their primary caregiver and an adult stranger. Which of the following answers correctly describes the type of attachment when the baby uses the mother as a secure base from which to explore his or her environment?

Secure

Disorganized

Avoidant

Resistant

Answer 108

Secure

Question 109

The “job club” is based on the __________ principle of __________.

behavioral; positive reinforcement

existential; freedom to choose

cognitive; group achievement of goals

choice, wants, direction; doing, evaluation, planning

Answer 109

behavioral; positive reinforcement

Question 110

Which of the following answers most closely correlates with the belief that birth order allows for a helpful prediction of the role any given child will play in the family‘s emotional process?

Sibling rivalry

Sibling position

Sibling subsystems

Sibling pragmatics

Answer 110

Sibling position

Question 111

Which of the following theorists wrote Totem and Taboo?

Jung

Adler

Bandura

Freud

Answer 111

Freud

Question 112

From a structural perspective, a therapist might have the family in the room recreate a conflict that actually occurred at home. This recreation of the conflict would be called a (an)

psychodrama.

directing.

enactment.

retracing.

Answer 112

enactment.

Question 113

Which of the following people is considered to be one of the principal advocates of trait-and-factor theory?

E.G. Williamson

Anna Freud

Donald Super

Carl Rogers

Answer 113

E.G. Williamson

Question 114

All of the following are differences between family therapy and individual counseling EXCEPT:

Individual counselors emphasize insight whereas family therapist emphasize the goal of creating or maintaining healthy interactional patterns between family members.

The goal of individual counseling is to create or maintain effective systems of interaction whereas family therapy‘s goal is to eliminate problematic past ego states.

The goal of individual counseling is to accurately diagnose, treat, and cure the client‘s illness whereas family therapy attempts to achieve effective family functioning whether or not there is pathology in a family member.

Individual counselors emphasize that the client should understand himself/herself as a unique individual whereas family therapists emphasize understanding of one‘s self in relation to both the family system and as an individual influenced by and influencing the family system.

Answer 114

The goal of individual counseling is to create or maintain effective systems of interaction whereas family therapy‘s goal is to eliminate problematic past ego states.

Question 115

Consecutive stages of the counseling process, according to Cormier and Hackney, are

assessment, relationship, interventions, goals, follow-up, termination.

relationship, goals, assessment, interventions, follow-up, termination.

relationship, assessment, goals, interventions, termination, follow-up.

assessment, goal, relationship, interventions, termination, follow-up.

Answer 115

relationship, assessment, goals, interventions, termination, follow-up.

Question 116

Lloyd has come to you for vocational counseling. You discuss with him your probable use of which of the following instruments for such clients?

Primary Mental Abilities Test

General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB)

Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale - 5th Edition

WAIS-III

Answer 116

General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB)

Question 117

David, a 40-year-old man, is diagnosed with major depressive disorder and severe sleep disturbances. What is a key aspect of his treatment plan?

Encouraging self-isolation to conserve energy.

Immediate hospitalization for safety.

Administering sleep medication to improve sleep patterns.

Identifying and challenging depressive thoughts.

Answer 117

Identifying and challenging depressive thoughts.

Question 118

A counselor who focuses on life-stage transition points in career counseling is using which of the following approaches?

A behavioral model

A client-centered model

A developmental model

A trait-factor model

Answer 118

A developmental model

Question 119

Sarah, a 25-year-old woman, has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder. What should be a key aspect of her treatment plan?

Encouraging her to embrace mood swings.

Teaching stress management techniques.

Stabilizing her mood with medication.

Exploring her childhood experiences.

Answer 119

Stabilizing her mood with medication.

Question 120

Lisa, a 40-year-old woman, is dealing with severe depression and social withdrawal. What should be an early goal in her treatment plan?

Encouraging social engagement.

Identifying the root cause of her depression.

Administering antidepressant medication.

Teaching cognitive restructuring techniques.

Answer 120

Identifying the root cause of her depression.

Question 121

Jolie has been seeing you weekly for counseling for two years. During the time Jolie has shown marked improvement in terms of depression and ineffective decision-making. Case notes for the last six months reflect a pattern of Jolie updating you on her work and dating relationships. Then, the two of you discuss various decisions, actions that she is considering. Jolie signals no intent to terminate counseling. In terms of the issue of termination, Jolie‘s case suggests

treating the client benignly.

effective collaboration and social constructivism.

client dependence.

counter transference in the form of mirroring.

Answer 121

client dependence.

Question 122

A significant difference between group therapy and group counseling would be distinguished in

the age of the participants.

the techniques employed to facilitate the process of interaction.

the theoretical orientation of the group leader.

the goals of the process.

Answer 122

the goals of the process.

Question 123

John comes to you for career exploration and consultation. At 35 years of age he has decided to consider changing fields. After several sessions to clarify his goals and interests, you decide to have him take the SII. Although he had to reschedule several times, he finally takes the SII two weeks after you had originally set it up. After his inventory is scored, the results indicate that his primary occupational theme is E. Which answer below correctly indicates the occupational theme John would most likely be the LEAST successful operating from?

Realistic

Social

Artistic

Investigative

Answer 123

Investigative

Question 124

Which of the following terms defines the leader‘s attempt to prepare members to assimilate, integrate, and apply in-group learning to everyday life?

Terminating

Signifying

Modeling

Initiating

Answer 124

Terminating

Question 125

Which of the following answers gives, in correct order, Williamson’s six step counseling format?

Counseling, Synthesis, Analysis, Counseling Prognosis, Follow-up

Diagnosis, Analysis, Synthesis, Prognosis, Counseling, Follow-Up

Synthesis, Diagnosis, Analysis, Prognosis, Counseling, Follow-Up

Analysis, Synthesis, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Counseling, Follow-Up

Answer 125

Analysis, Synthesis, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Counseling, Follow-Up

Question 126

John, a 60-year-old man, has been diagnosed with schizophrenia and is experiencing active hallucinations and delusions. What is the primary focus of his initial treatment plan?

Assist John in understanding and managing his symptoms.

Refer him to a day program for socialization.

Administer antipsychotic medication to alleviate symptoms.

Explore his childhood experiences and family dynamics.

Answer 126

Administer antipsychotic medication to alleviate symptoms.

Question 127

Matthew, a 55-year-old man, is diagnosed with major depressive disorder and struggles with low energy and anhedonia. What is a key component of his treatment plan?

Administering antidepressant medication.

Immediate hospitalization for safety.

Encouraging isolation to conserve energy.

Identifying and challenging depressive thoughts.

Answer 127

Administering antidepressant medication.

Question 128

The person who proposed the theory of LAD, or language acquisition device, is

Vygotsky.

Chomsky.

Bandura.

Bowlby.

Answer 128

Chomsky.

Question 129

The archway model illustrates biographical, sociological, and psychological influences in one’s life and career development as described by

Okun.

Holland.

Super.

Ginzberg.

Answer 129

Super.

Question 130

An adolescent‘s personal sense of exaggerated uniqueness is sometimes called

moral realism.

moral autonomy.

personal fable.

imaginary audience.

Answer 130

personal fable.

Question 131

Problematic questioning is key to the counseling methods of

Berne.

Ivey.

Rogers.

Cormier.

Answer 131

Ivey.

Question 132

The factor termed immediacy designates

the act of helping members get concrete.

the capacity of the leader to attain accurate empathy.

the dealing with what is happening in the here and now of a relationship.

the authenticity of the leader.

Answer 132

the dealing with what is happening in the here and now of a relationship.

Question 133

When Liza seeks help because she is considering suicide, the therapist implements crisis intervention for the purpose of

helping her deal with the immediate life crisis.

restructuring Liza‘s personality.

emphasizing the anger that she feels toward herself and others.

communicating warmth and understanding without providing
any specific direction.

Answer 133

helping her deal with the immediate life crisis.

Question 134

What type of test is the NCE (the National Counselor Exam)?

Subtest

Projective

Subjective

Objective

Answer 134

Objective

Question 135

When asking adolescents “what they plan to do when they grow up,” an adequately informed counselor might expect the adolescents to over select professional positions and occupations. Gelatt accounted for this in his decision-making paradigm by stating that adolescents tend to have errors in their ____________________ system.

prediction

decision

generalization

value

Answer 135

prediction

Question 136

When members have been assisted in sorting out conflicting and confused feelings and thoughts and have been helped to arrive at a meaningful understanding of what is being communicated, the leader has been using the skill known as

evaluating.

interpreting.

clarifying.

restating.

Answer 136

clarifying.

Question 137

Kitchener defines nonmaleficence as

not taking advantage of or harming others.

treating others fairly and without discrimination.

promoting self-determination in others.

serving others with well meaning.

Answer 137

not taking advantage of or harming others.

Question 138

Since the Binet stressed age-related tasks, questions, and items, one would understand that an 8-year-old task, question, or item would be one that

only a 7-year-old could answer correctly.

only a 7-year-old could answer correctly.

75% - 90% of the 8-year-olds could answer correctly.

50% of the 8-year-olds could answer correctly.

Answer 138

75% - 90% of the 8-year-olds could answer correctly.

Question 139

Which of the following disorders is the least likely to be seen by a therapist?

Premature ejaculation

Dyspareunia

Inhibited male orgasm

Female sexual arousal disorder

Answer 139

Premature ejaculation

Question 140

The term achievement motivation was used in the place of achievement drive by

Rorschach.

Atkinson.

Freud.

Thurstone.

Answer 140

Atkinson.

Question 141

Wolpe asserted that conditions which predispose an individual to neuroses include

television portrayals of violence.

noise.

being alone.

conflict such as difficult discrimination.

Answer 141

conflict such as difficult discrimination.

Question 142

The ratio of variance or random error between an observed score and the true score is statistically expressed by the

reliability coefficient.

true range.

cash validity.

item-difficulty index.

Answer 142

reliability coefficient.

Question 143

Which of the following answers most closely describes the belief that change occurs in an orderly, building-block process?

Continuation

Fluctuation

Continuity

Maintenance

Answer 143

Continuity

Question 144

Empathy, genuineness, and respect are measured on the scales developed by

Freud.

Rogers.

Carkhuff.

Glasser.

Answer 144

Carkhuff.

Question 145

Which of the following answers most closely describes the term given to twins who develop from a single fertilized egg?

Identical twins

Paternal twins

Maternal twins

Fraternal twins

Answer 145

Identical twins

Question 146

If a researcher conducts a study that compares the attitudes of college students of all classifications (freshmen, sophomores, junior, and seniors) at one point in time, she is engaged in what kind of sampling?

Longitudinal sampling

Cross-sectional sampling

Time sampling

Experimental sampling

Answer 146

Cross-sectional sampling

Question 147

Your mother has just turned 72, is still in good health, and lives by herself in a small town about 45 minutes from you. You are willing and able to assist her with any of her needs. You have encouraged her to maintain her contacts and friendships. She still meets with her church group and sews for a volunteer group. In your dealings with her, you observe the reality of what Havighurst termed as specific developmental tasks of older adulthood. All of the following are included in Havighurst’s theory EXCEPT:

Maintaining differentiation from their mate.

Elasticity of intellectual ability.

Adjusting to diminished physical potency.

Complimentarity of occupational and spiritual goals.

Answer 147

Maintaining differentiation from their mate.

Question 148

The basis of all science is

correlation.

observation.

experimentation.

theory.

Answer 148

observation.

Question 149

The technique which encourages a participant to give expression to one side of himself/herself that is rarely expressed is called

implosive therapy.

the exaggeration technique.

the reversal technique.

the go-around technique.

Answer 149

the reversal technique.

Question 150

Which of the following activities is most beneficial for a counselor to do to prepare a client for occupational placement?

Arranging employment interviews for clients

Teaching job-seeking and job-getting skills

Administering a battery of tests

Enrolling them in training programs

Answer 150

Teaching job-seeking and job-getting skills

Question 151

Which of the following is true of individuals who experience sudden and highly stressful situations?

They are highly resistant to psychotherapy.

They are motivated to alter their present intolerable mental states.

They need long-term, psychoanalytic therapy.

They are helped more often by physiological treatments than psychotherapy.

Answer 151

They are motivated to alter their present intolerable mental states.

Question 152

As a child, your parents taught you a great deal. At the same time, you changed their lives. Choose the basic characteristic of the contemporary lifespan view with which this statement is most closely allied?

Development occurs in context.

Developmental influences are bi-directional.

Development is a continuous process.

Maturity is relative.

Answer 152

Developmental influences are bi-directional.

Question 153

Which of the following has a high likelihood of being involved in the treatment of sexual dysfunctions?

Medication

High levels of partner participation

Techniques designed to uncover repressed memories in the unconscious

Indirect methods designed to approach the dysfunction in a nonconfrontive manner

Answer 153

High levels of partner participation

Question 154

Which of the following legal acts or litigation particularly pertains to professional counseling?

Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990

Maryland‘s Nicole Eisel Case

Equal Employment Opportunity Act

Brown vs. Board of Education

Answer 154

Maryland‘s Nicole Eisel Case

Question 155

In an attempt to prompt clients to unravel neurotic patterns of behavior, which of the following answers correctly encompasses the concepts of reiteration of interpretations and the conquering of resistance?

Transference

Countertransference

Symbiosis

Working through

Answer 155

Working through

Question 156

The funds established by the George-Barden Act of 1946 are for

publication of the first Mental Measurements Yearbook.

the Army General Classification Test.

ACT testing programs.

academic counselor-training programs.

Answer 156

academic counselor-training programs.

Question 157

Which of the following theorists introduced the concept of homeostasis into family therapy?

Don Jackson

William Ashby

Walter Cannon

Paul Dell

Answer 157

Don Jackson

Question 158

If asked to give a test to determine the IQ of a 12 year old child with cerebral palsy, you would most correctly recommend the use of the

WISC.

Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale - 5th Edition.

Arthur Performance Scale.

Raven Progressive Matrices

Answer 158

Raven Progressive Matrices

Question 159

One of Bob‘s clients has just admitted molesting his 6-year-old daughter. This abuse of his daughter has apparently spanned the last three years. Bob wants the treatment of this client to continue successfully so Bob realizes that he must be aware of both his verbal and nonverbal communications with his client. This awareness of both verbal and nonverbal communications is important because

inconsistency between verbal and nonverbal messages is not possible.

inconsistency between verbal and nonverbal messages often indicates distress on the part of the client.

verbal communication is dominant to meaning.

nonverbal communication is important in understanding or interpreting the verbal message.

Answer 159

nonverbal communication is important in understanding or interpreting the verbal message.

Question 160

Which of the following is the correct term for a structured set of queries that a respondent is involved in via paper and pencil for the reading and responding to said questions?

Questionnaire

Case study

Laboratory

Ethology

Answer 160

Questionnaire

Question 161

Counseling is now considered a profession, but it has only recently attained that status. All of the following are considered necessary characteristics of a profession EXCEPT:

Reciprocal qualifications between states.

A publicly professed code of ethics.

An identifiable set of skills and activities.

An underlying body of theoretical knowledge.

Answer 161

Reciprocal qualifications between states.

Question 162

All of the following terms relate to psychological assessments with the exception of:

Clinical utility

Face validity

Cash validity

Answer 162

Source validity

Question 163

Which of the following would be one example of a victimless sexual variant?

Transvestism

Rape

Voyeurism

Exhibitionism

Answer 163

Transvestism

Question 164

The Skilled Helper was written by

Berenson.

Egan.

Ivey.

Truax.

Answer 164

Egan.

Question 165

Which of the following approaches would be described as a type of self-instructional training focused on altering self-statements as a preventative measure?

Biofeedback

Stress Inoculation training

Behavioral Contracting

Reality Therapy

Answer 165

Stress Inoculation training

Question 166

The order in which words are pooled to form communicative ideas is called?

Grammar

Language

Syntax

Phonology

Answer 166

Syntax

Question 167

Which black psychologist created the BITCH (Black Intelligence Test of Cultural Homogeneity)?

Robert Williams

John Ertl

Raymond Cattell

Arthur Jensen

Answer 167

Robert Williams

Question 168

The later writings of Carl Rogers reveal his belief that the most important of the therapist attributes is

unconditional positive regard.

congruence or genuineness.

accurate empathy.

immediacy.

Answer 168

congruence or genuineness.

Question 169

Generally speaking, codes of ethics recommend that a counselor only provide services for which he or she has been trained and has had sufficient experience to ensure that he or she will be able to deliver the service adequately. Which of the following answers most closely represents the most correct statement about a guideline regarding the field of counseling?

Experience is probably an adequate substitute for formal training in the area of counseling.

Most counselors are untrained and, thus, the standard cannot be applied to counseling.

Standards for training are unique to the situation and thus it is difficult to apply an absolute standard to every situation.

Counselors have been reluctant to report unethical behavior because of the state of counseling.

Answer 169

Standards for training are unique to the situation and thus it is difficult to apply an absolute standard to every situation.

Question 170

Whenever Chad visits his counselor, he always feels good when the counselor demonstrates, through verbal and non-verbal language, a good understanding of his subjective world. According to person-centered theory, the counselor can best be described as having

unconditional positive regard.

congruence.

empathy.

genuineness.

Answer 170

empathy.

Question 171

The number one factor in determining a minority is

skin color.

degree of oppression.

ethnic dissonance.

acculturation.

Answer 171

ethnic dissonance.

Question 172

As Sue researched the general patterns exhibited in minority clients, he found that counselors who lack sensitivity to the needs of minority clients tend to

extend the counseling relationship longer than is necessary or helpful.

discourage minority clients from entering vocational programs in high school.

provide more encouragement to their minority clients.

discourage minority clients from furthering their education by applying to college.

Answer 172

discourage minority clients from furthering their education by applying to college.

Question 173

Professional orientation refers to

one’s chosen theoretical background.

one’s role identity and general inclination toward professionalism.

one’s experience as a consultant.

one’s chosen method or technique for counseling an individual.

Answer 173

one’s role identity and general inclination toward professionalism.

Question 174

Amanda relies on monocultural assumptions in counseling minorities. The term that best describes her approach is

cultural encapsulation.

cultural accommodation.

cultural assimilation.

discrimination.

Answer 174

cultural encapsulation.

Question 175

Which of the following is NOT an issue when counseling minorities?

Minorities are more apt to be diagnosed with mental disorders.

Over 50 % tend to terminate counseling after the first session.

Counselors require a narrow framework of knowledge of cross-cultural counseling.

Appropriate training in cross-cultural counseling is important.

Answer 175

Counselors require a narrow framework of knowledge of cross-cultural counseling.

Question 176

Counseling effectiveness includes attention to the personhood of the counselor. Select the statement that best depicts this self-care.

Beginning counselors need to accept guidance for their own welfare.

Participating in a self-development group can help any counselor maintain balance.

Insight-oriented learning is a must for counselor self-development.

Demonstrating openness to feedback and engaging in creative play are two effective developmental strategies.

Answer 176

Demonstrating openness to feedback and engaging in creative play are two effective developmental strategies.

Question 177

Joan‘s realness and congruence is counseling clients is best described as

empathy.

understanding the client‘s world.

genuineness.

unconditional positive regard.

Answer 177

genuineness.

Question 178

Burnout is considered the most common negative consequence experienced by counselors according to Kohler, and its symptoms include

self vigilance.

distortions in effectiveness.

drug dependence.

greater focus on personal identity than on client identity.

Answer 178

distortions in effectiveness.

Question 179

According to the experts which of the following does NOT fit in a list of characteristics of the multiculturally aware crisis worker?

Actual experience in counseling and crisis intervention with culturally different clients

Self-knowledge

Skills to effect culturally appropriate interventions

Being a member of a minority group

Answer 179

Being a member of a minority group

Question 180

Mary has found herself being asked to counsel several American Indian children. Her experience has been mainly focused on Asian children coming from families where English is not spoken in the home environment. As Mary contemplates her sessions with these American Indian children she is reminded that her counseling will be more successful if

a client-centered approach is emphasized.

specific contracting procedures are outlined and utilized.

the family’s permission and support are acquired.

the family does not know that the child is in counseling.

Answer 180

the family’s permission and support are acquired.

Question 181

Which of the following disorders includes symptoms of recurring major depressive episodes and at least one hypomanic episode?

Cyclothymic Disorder

Bipolar II Disorder

Bipolar I Disorder

Persistent Depressive Disorder

Answer 181

Bipolar II Disorder

Question 182

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn by observing the validity scales on the MMPI-2?

A client is experiencing a psychotic disorder.

An individual is experiencing anxiety.

The client has answered the questions in a straightforward manner.

The client has the reading level necessary to understand the items.

Answer 182

The client has answered the questions in a straightforward manner.

Question 183

Distress associated with an enduring desire to be the other sex is associated with

gender dysphoria.

paraphilias.

transvestic fetishism.

sexual dysfunctions.

Answer 183

gender dysphoria.

Question 184

The primary reason for the creation of multiple aptitude batteries was to

classify preschool children into mental-age-level groups.

minimize intra-individual variation.

gain information about differential aptitudes.

compare relative abilities of children with different racial backgrounds.

Answer 184

gain information about differential aptitudes.

Question 185

Assessment measures that are most useful for matching employee interests to the norms of people who are successful in similar positions are called

achievement tests.

personality inventories.

aptitude tests.

interest inventories.

Answer 185

interest inventories.

Question 186

The mental disorder most closely associated with a serious violation of others’ rights is

attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

learning disorder.

oppositional defiant disorder.

conduct disorder.

Answer 186

conduct disorder.

Question 187

Involuntary physical symptoms not due to a general medical condition that result in impairment are best described as

Factitious disorders.

Somatic symptom and related disorders.

Dissociative disorders.

Anxiety disorders.

Answer 187

Somatic symptom and related disorders.

Question 188

Estimating reliability of individual scores is accomplished by using a statistical measure for the true score, which given the standard deviation and reliability coefficient of the tests, indicates the extent to which an individual‘s scores vary among alternate forms. This statistical measure is called

Standard Error of Measurement (SEM).

the Kuder-Richardson Formula.

item index analysis.

the Spearman Brown Formula.

Answer 188

Standard Error of Measurement (SEM).

Question 189

Which of the following scales on the MMPI-2 would describe a person’s dissatisfaction with life or their tendency to give up?

Si - Scale 0

Sc - Scale 8

D - Scale 2

Pt - Scale 7

Answer 189

D - Scale 2

Question 190

In gathering information for diagnostic purposes, a counselor decides after several sessions to administer a personality inventory to a client, who the counselor feels demonstrates behaviors typical of antisocial behavior. The counselor will most likely choose to administer the

Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire.

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-II

California Psychological Inventory.

Answer 190

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-II

Question 191

Which of the following is correct concerning fetal alcohol exposure (FAE)?

FAE increases in probability as a woman reaches age 35.

FAE is more likely when a woman is a heavy alcohol user.

FAE is the leading cause of birth defects in newborns.

None of the Above

Answer 191

FAE is more likely when a woman is a heavy alcohol user.

Question 192

A career interest inventory whose results are structured around Holland’s occupational model is the

Iowa Vocational Interest Record.

Knox Vocational Interest Inventory.

Strong Interest Inventory.

Kuder Preference Record.

Answer 192

Strong Interest Inventory.

Question 193

A young man, age 20, has been experiencing a significant number of symptoms associated with schizophrenia for the past 8 months. Which of the following most likely defines the diagnosis he will receive:

Delusional Disorder

Schizophrenia

Schizophreniform Disorder

Brief Psychotic Disorder

Answer 193

Schizophrenia

Question 194

An aptitude assessment measure useful with deaf children is the

Hiskey-Nebraska.

WJ-R

DAT

SAT

Answer 194

Hiskey-Nebraska.

Question 195

It is generally true that individuals with delusional disorders, in addition to their delusions

have an unkempt and disheveled appearance.

suffer from auditory hallucinations.

are severely depressed.

often appear perfectly normal.

Answer 195

often appear perfectly normal.

Question 196

One of Julie‘s clients came to her upon the recommendation of his physician. The physician had prescribed Valium for the client to alleviate “minor instances of stress.” At first, small doses of Valium were effective, but as the year progressed, the client found that increasingly larger doses became necessary to bring about similar stress reduction. The counselor then concluded that the client had developed a reaction to the Valium that could be termed a/an

tolerance.

psychological dependence.

addiction.

physical dependence.

Answer 196

tolerance.

Question 197

When test scores are referenced only as “pass” or “fail,” the test is most likely a

power test.

norm-referenced test.

speed test.

criterion-referenced test.

Answer 197

criterion-referenced test.

Question 198

Which of the following assessment tools is particularly constructed with the individual in mind who is seeking a career that does not require a college degree or advanced technical training?

Jackson Vocational Interest Survey

Career Assessment Inventory

Self-Directed Search

Kuder Preference Record

Answer 198

Career Assessment Inventory

Question 199

Symptoms of excessive need for attention in a variety of situations, as well as abnormal patterns of emotional expression may indicate

narcissistic personality disorder.

schizoid personality disorder.

antisocial personality disorder.

histrionic personality disorder.

Answer 199

histrionic personality disorder.