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NCM > NCM 105 - MICRO AND MACRO > Flashcards

NCM 105 - MICRO AND MACRO Flashcards

1
Q

Disease caused by extreme deficiency

A

BeriBeri

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2
Q

Fatty acid that is needed for growth and healthy skin

A

Linoleic acid

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3
Q

Simplest form of CHO

A

Monosaccharide or Simple Sugar

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4
Q

are found primarily in plants and are composed of the elements

A

Carbohydrates

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5
Q

It functions is to Provide fuel for energy
Provides glycogen reserves in liver and muscle
Protein-sparing action

A

Carbohydrates

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6
Q

Body’s major fuel to provide energy; formed in the body through starch digestion

A

Glucose

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7
Q

contains two units of Monosccharides

A

Disaccharides

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8
Q

Carbs, proteins, fats

A

Macronutrients

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9
Q

pectin in fruits like apples, pear, Oats and legumes

Decrease the rate of passage of materials and delay absorption of nutrients.

A

Soluble fiber

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10
Q

cellulose, lignin in leafy vegetables
Wheat and most grain products are good sources
Greater fecal bulk and increase in the rate of passage material; used to treat constipation

A

Insoluble Fiber

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11
Q

are nutrients that help build and maintain body cells and tissues

A

Proteins

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12
Q

There are necessary to create Protein.

A

20 Amino Acids (AA

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13
Q

indispensable to life and growth that the body cannot manufacture, therefore must be supplied in the diet.

A

Essential Amino Acids

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14
Q

– those that can be synthesized by the body.

A

. Non-Essential Amino Acids

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15
Q

Contain amounts of all nine essential amino acids

A

Complete Proteins

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16
Q

incorporation of AA in the synthesis of tissue protein; all necessary AA for the given protein must be present at the same time.

A

ANABOLISM

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17
Q

breakdown of AA in their components parts; common to people whoa are already aging, with disease or poor diet.

A

Catabolism

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18
Q

soft, pitting painless edema usually in the feet, legs and face

A

Kwashiorkor (Protein-Malnutrition)

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19
Q

The presence of alternating bands or depigmented and normal hair

A

Flag sign

20
Q

usually associated with severe food shortage, prolonged semi-starvation and abrupt weaning at a very early age or infrequent infant feeding

A

Marasmus (Protein-Energy Malnutrition)

21
Q

Are a type of lipid, a fatty substance that do not dissolve in water.

A

FATS

22
Q

The building blocks of fats are called

A

Fatty acids

23
Q

are compounds that help regulate many vital body processes

A

Vitamins

24
Q

dissolve in water and pass easily into the blood during digestion.
The body does not store these so they need to be replenished regularly.
Dissolve in water and are easily destroyed by air, light, and cooking.

A

Water-soluble vitamins

25
Q

are absorbed, stored, and transported in fat. Your body stores these vitamins in your fatty tissue, liver, and kidneys.

A

Fat-soluble Vitamins

26
Q

This is the most common side effect of too much vitamin D. It’s a condition where there is too much calcium in your bloodstream, which places stress on the digestive tract.

A

1.Hypercalcemia

27
Q

a disease caused by extreme deficiency of vitamin B1.

A

Beriberi

28
Q

In combination with phosphorus, gives strength and hardness to bones and teeth.

A

calcium

29
Q

sores on the lips cracks at the corners of the mouth

A

cheilosis

30
Q

inflammation of the tounge

A

glossitis

31
Q

extreme deficiency causing sores on the skin, diarrhea, anxiety, confusion, irritably, poor memory, dizziness, and untimely death

A

Pellagra

32
Q

disease caused by gingivitis

A

scurvy

33
Q

In combination with phosphurus, gives strength and harness to bones and teeth

Normal nerve and muscle action, blood clotting, heart function, and cell metabolism

A

Calcium

34
Q

involuntary muscle movement results from insufficient calcium in the blood

A

Tetany

35
Q

Necessary for the formation of strong, rigid bones and teeth

A

Phosphorus

36
Q

Essential for fluid balance and osmosis
Maintains fluid level within the cell

A

Potassium

37
Q

Control of fluid balance in the body

Maintains acid-base balance

A

Sodium

38
Q

Essential for maintenance of fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance

A

Chloride

39
Q

Regulates nerve and muscle function

Plays a role in the blood-clotting process

A

Magnesium (Mg)

40
Q

Contributes to the characteristics odor of burning hair and tissue

A

Sulfur

41
Q

Determines rate of metabolism

A

Iodine

42
Q

Essential for growth, wound healing, taste acuity, glucose tolerance, and mobilization of vitamin A within the body

A

Zinc

43
Q

Protecting cells against oxidation and sparing vitamin E

A

Selenium

44
Q

Formation of hemoglobin

A

Copper

45
Q

Increases resistance to dental caries, and may strengthen teeth and bones

A

Flouride

45
Q

Increases resistance to dental caries, and may strengthen teeth and bones

A

Flouride

46
Q

Helps maintain many bodily functions

A

Water

NCM (3 decks)

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