Neck Lumps Flashcards
1
Q
What are the common causes of neck lumps in children?
A
-
Thyroglossal cysts - failure of thyroglossal duct to involute
- Most common midline congenital mass
-
Branchial cleft abnormality - failure of pharyngeal clefts to involute
- Most common lateral congenital mass
-
Lymphadenitis
- Most common neck lump in children
2
Q
What are the red flag signs and symptoms of neck lumps in children?
A
- Sepsis/unwell
- Stridor
- Poor feeding
- Change in voice
- Rapid progression
3
Q
What are the signs and symptoms of thyroglossal cysts?
A
Midline mass that moves with swallowing
4
Q
What are the signs and symptoms of brachial cleft abnormality?
A
- Cyst, sinus or fistula
- Signs of infection
5
Q
What are the signs and symptoms of lymphadenitis?
A
- Transiently enlarged, tender lymph nodes
- Often be multiple small tender bump
6
Q
What are the appropriate investigations for neck lumps?
A
- Clinical examination
- Systemic symptoms = FBC and blood film
- Thyroglossal cyst = Thyroid USS
- Atypical lymphadenopathy → TB PPD test; bartonella henselae, EBV, CMV, HIV, toxoplasmosis serology
7
Q
What is the management of lymphadenitis?
A
- Self-limiting (6 weeks)
- ABx if secondary bacterial infection occurs
- Also requires follow-up investigations
8
Q
What is the management of thyroglossal cysts?
A
- Asymptomatic = conservative management
- Symptomatic = surgical removal
