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IM > NEFRO > Flashcards

NEFRO Flashcards

1
Q

SIADH DRUGS

A 
ANTICONVULSANTS
ANTINEOPLASTICS
ANTIDEPRESSANTS
AMIADORONE
CIPROFLOXACIN
MDMA
NSAIDS
NEUROLEPTICS
OPIOIDS
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2
Q

HIGH RISK ODS

A 
Alcohol use disorder
Malnutrition
Liver disease
Hypokalemia
Serum sodium below 105
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3
Q

APPROPRIATE SUPPRESSION OF ADH

A

URINE OSMOLALITY BELOW 100

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4
Q

LOOP DIURETICS DECREASE ADH ACTIVITY

A

IMPAIRED MEDULLARY CONCENTRATION GRADIANT

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5
Q

ENDOCRINE CAUSES OF HYPONATREMIA

A

CORTISOL HAS NEGATIVE FEEDBACK ON ADH

MYXEDEMA COMA CAUSES LOW CARDIAC OUTPUT

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6
Q

NSAIDS CAUSE SIADH

A

BY INHIBITING PROSTAGLANDIN FORMATION

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7
Q

SSRIS CAUSE SIADH

A

SERATONERGIC ACTIVITY CAUSES ADH RELEASE

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8
Q

BEST WAY TO EVALUATE TBW

A

CHANGES IN BODY WEIGHT

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9
Q

GOLD STANDART FOR RENAL ELECTROLYTE HANDLING

A

24HR URINE COLLECTION

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10
Q

HYPONATREMIA WITH REDUCED ICV

A

HYPERTONIC HYPONATREMIA

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11
Q

APPROPRIATE RESPONSE TO HYPONATREMIA

A

URINE SODIUM BELOW 10

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12
Q

FIRST THING IN HYPONATREMIA

A

SERUM OSMOLALITY

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13
Q

FIRST THING IN HYPERNATREMIA

A

URINE VOLUME

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14
Q

COPEPTIN DEFINITION

A

C TERMINAL PEPTIDE SYNTHESIZED WITH VASOPRESSIN

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15
Q

WATER DEFICIT FORMULA

A

TBW*(SNA-140)/140

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16
Q

ELECTROLYTE FREE WATER FORMULA

A

URINE VOLUME*(1-(UNA+UK)/SNA)

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17
Q

CHRONIC HYPERNATREMIA CORRECTION LIMIT

A

12 MEQ PER DAY

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18
Q

CHRONIC HYPONATREMIA CORRECTION LIMIT

A

8 MEQ PER DAY

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19
Q

FIRST THING IN HYPOKALEMIA

A

SPOT URINE K/CREA RATIO

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20
Q

APPROPRIATE RESPONSE TO HYPOKALEMIA

A

SPOT URINE K/CREA BELOW 13

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21
Q

ECG PROGRESSION IN HYPOKALEMIA

A

T FLATTENING>ST DEPRESSION>T INVERSION>U WAVE

22
Q

SEVERE HYPOKALEMIA TREATMENT

A

10-15 MEQ K PER HOUR IN NS

23
Q

ORAL K TABLET DOSAGE

A

20 MEQ PER DAY

24
Q

ECG PROGRESSION IN HYPERKALEMIA

A

PEAKED T>ST DEPRESSION>PR/QRS WIDENING

25
Q

QRS WIDENING LEADS TO SINE WAVE

A

IMMINENT VFIB AND ASYSTOLE

26
Q

ECG IN HYPERKALEMIA IS RELATED TO

A

RAPIDITY OF HYPERKALEMIA

27
Q

SERUM K CHANGE WITH PH

A

0.1 PH DECREASE>0.7 MEQ K INCREASE

28
Q

FIRST STEP IN SEVERE SYMPTOMATIC HYPERKALEMIA

A

IV CALCIUM GLUCONATE

29
Q

CHRONIC HYPERKALEMIA DRUGS

A

PATIROMER AND ZIRCONIUM CYCLOSILICATE

30
Q

SODIUM POLYSTYRENE CAUSES

A

COLONIC NECROSIS

31
Q

CORRECTION IN HIGH RISK FOR OSMOTIC DEMYELINATION

A

4-6 MEQ PER DAY

32
Q

MOST COMMON MONOGENIC KIDNEY DISEASE

A

ADPKD

33
Q

GENETIC MUTATIONS IN ADPKD

A

PKD1 ON CHROMOSOME 16 AT 90%,PKD2 ON CHROMOSOME 4 AT 10%

34
Q

PKD1 VS PKD2

A

MORE AGRESSIVE LESS LIFE EXPECTANCY

35
Q

CONCURRENT CYSTS IN ADPKD

A

HEPATIC CYSTS IN 50% BUT PANCREATIC AND SPLENIC CYSTS CAN BE SEEN

36
Q

IN ADPKD NO ANEMIA

A

Cystic EPO production

37
Q

ADPKD DIAGNOSIS WITH FAMILY HISTORY

A

2 or more cysts below 30Y,
2 or more cysts at each kidney in 30-60Y,
4 or more cysts at each kidney over 60Y

38
Q

ADPKD DIAGNOSIS WITHOUT FAMILY HISTORY

A

CONTRAST CT

39
Q

HYPERTENSION IN ADKPD

A

CYST INDUCED ISCHEMIA CAUSES RAS ACTIVATION

40
Q

DRUG OF CHOICE FOR HTN IN ADPKD

A

RAS BLOCKERS

41
Q

HYPERTENSION GOAL IN ADPKD

A

115/75 in below 50Y ober 60 GFR

Otherwise 130/85

42
Q

INFECTED RENAL CYST WITH NORMAL URINALYSIS

A

NO COMMUNICATION WITH URINARY TRACT

43
Q

ABX WITH CYSTIC PENETRATION

A

CPFX,LVFX,TMP-SMX

44
Q

BEST PREDICTOR OF KIDNEY FUNCTION IN ADPKD

A

Total kidney volume

45
Q

PRESERVE KIDNEY FUNCTION IN ADPKD

A

Tolvaptan/Water injestion over 3L

46
Q

MAIN SIDE EFFECT OF VAPTANS

A

Hepatic injury

47
Q

COMPLICATIONS OF ADPKD

A

Arterial aneurysms at Circle of Willis
MVP
Colonic diverticula
Nephrolithiasis

48
Q

HYPOVOLEMIA LAB FINDINGS

A

UNa below 20
FENa below 1%
FEUrea below 35%
FEUA below 12%

49
Q

SIMILARITIES BETWEEN LOOP AND THIAZIDE

A 
Hyponatremia
Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
Metabolic alkalosis
Hyperglycemia
Hyperuricemia
Sufonamide allergy
50
Q

LOOP SPECIFIC

A

Free water excretion
Hypocalcemia
Ototoxicity

51
Q

THIAZIDE SPECIFIC

A 
Kaliuresis
Hypercalcemia
Hyperlipidemia
Megaloblastic anemia
Thrombocytopenia

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