Nerve Tissue

Question 1

CNS

Answer 1

central nervous system

consists of brain and spinal cord

Question 2

ischaemic stroke

Answer 2

blood clot in cranial artery, blocking blood flow to a portion of the brain
-treated by drugs e.g. aspirin= decrease blood pressure and cholesterol

Question 3

hemorrhagic stroke

Answer 3

section of artery bursts, bleeding into the brain

Question 4

PNS

Answer 4

peripheral nervous system

includes: cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and ganglia

Question 5

ganglia

Answer 5

clusters of neuron cell bodies outside of the CNS

Question 6

functions of CNS/PNS

Answer 6

• collect info from receptors
• process/evaluate sensory input; determine appropriate response
• send nerve impulses via motor neurons in PNS to effectors (muscles of glands)

Question 7

receptors

Answer 7

specialized nerve endings that detect changes in the internal/external environment; sends to CNS

Question 8

motor neurons

Answer 8

neurons in PNS that receive impulses form CNS and activate effectors (muscles/glands)

Question 9

effectors

Answer 9

muscles/glands

Question 10

sensory division

Answer 10

afferent (Input)

• nerve impulses are transmitted to CNS
• contains components of both CNS and PNS
• subdivided into:
• somatic sensory
• visceral sensory

Question 11

proprioception

Answer 11

sensing the position or movement of limb or joint

Question 12

somatic sensory

Answer 12

touch, pain, pressure, temperature, proprioception

*considered voluntary, we have some control, and are conscious of them

Question 13

visceral sensory

Answer 13

impulses from blood vessels and viscera (internal organs) to CNS
-mostly considered involuntary; no control and usually no consciousness of sensation
EXCEPTIONS: e.g. painful bloating of stomach from eating too much

Question 14

motor division

Answer 14

efferent (output); transmitting impulses from CNS to muscles and glands

• contains components of both CNS/PNS
• subdivided into:
• somatic motor (somatic nervous system)
• autonomic motor

Question 15

somatic motor

Answer 15

(somatic nervous system)
transmits impulses from CNS to skeletal muscles to contract
-voluntary

Question 16

autonomic motor

Answer 16

(autonomic nervous system)
transmits impulses to internal organs 
regulates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands
unconscious (involuntary)
further subdivided into:
  - sympathetic division
  - parasympathetic division

Question 17

dysautonomia

Answer 17

malfunction of autonomic motor component of the motor division
-fainting, seizures, blurred vision, slow/fast heart rate, GI issues, thermoregulatory issues

Question 18

sympathetic division

Answer 18

(motor division -> autonomic motor -> sympathetic division)
-speeds up body activities
fight/flight

Question 19

parasympathetic division

Answer 19

(motor division -> autonomic motor -> parasympathetic division)
-slows down body activities
rest; digestion