Nervous System 2

Question 1

What are the two broad categories of cells that make up the nervous system?

Answer 1

Neurone (nerve cells)
Glial Cells

Question 2

What is the role of neurones (nerve cells?
3pts

Answer 2

basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system

generates and conducts action potential

communicate with other cells by a chemical or electrical synapse

Question 3

What is the role of Glial cells (supporting cells)?
1pt

Answer 3

support, insulate and maintain neurons

Question 4

What are the two types of glial cells in the PNS?

Answer 4

Schwann cells
&
satellite cells

Question 5

What is the name of glial cells in the CNS?

Answer 5

Neuroglia

Question 6

What are the 3 main cellular structures of a neuron?

Answer 6

Cell body

Axon

Dendrites

Question 7

What is the role of the cell body?
2pts

Answer 7

Houses the control centre

Contains a single relatively large nucleus

Question 8

What are the characteristics of an axon?
3pts

Answer 8

A single axon conducts action potentials away from the neuron cell body

End of axon terminals which communicate with other cells by means of a chemical or electrical synapse

A nerve is a bundle of axons

Question 9

Dendrites conduct action potentials t_____ neuron cell body

Answer 9

towards

Question 10

S_____/a_____ neurons conducts action potentials t_____ CNS

Answer 10

Sensory/afferent neurons conducts action potentials towards CNS

Question 11

M______/e______ neurons conducts action potentials a_____ from CNS

Answer 11

Motor or efferent neurone conducts action potentials away from CNS

Question 12

I_______ or a______ neurons: within CNS from one neuron to another.

Answer 12

Interneurons or association neurons: within CNS from one neuron to another.

Question 13

A m______ neuron is a type of neuron that possesses a single axon and many dendrites. E.g. Motor Neurons

Answer 13

A multipolar neuron is a type of neuron that possesses a single axon and many dendrites. E.g. Motor Neurons

Question 14

A b______ neuron is a type of neuron that has two extensions, one axon and one dendrite

Answer 14

A bipolar neuron is a type of neuron that has two extensions, one axon and one dendrite

Question 15

P_____-u______: single process that divides into two branches. Part that extends to the periphery has dendrite-like sensory receptors

Answer 15

Pseudo- unipolar: single process that divides into two branches. Part that extends to the periphery has dendrite-like sensory receptors

Question 16

A_______ : no axons, only dendrites; found in brain and retina where they only communicate using graded potentials

Answer 16

Anaxonic: no axons, only dendrites; found in brain and retina where they only communicate using graded potentials

Question 17

What are the 5 sensory receptors?

Answer 17

Chemoreceptors
Photoreceptors
Thermoreceptors
Mechanoreceptors
Nocireceptors

Question 18

When do chemoreceptors generate action potential?

Answer 18

response to specific chemical stimuli

Question 19

Photoreceptors generate action potentials in response to ?

Answer 19

Photoreceptors generate action potentials in response to visible light

Question 20

Thermoreceptors generate action potentials in response to?

Answer 20

temperature

Question 21

Mechanoreceptors generate action potentials in response to?

Answer 21

Mechanoreceptors generate action potentials in response to physical force

Question 22

Nocireceptors generate action potentials in response to ?

Answer 22

Nocireceptors generate action potentials in response to tissue/ cell damage

Question 23

What do spinal nerves consist of?

Answer 23

Axon bundles.
Schwann cells.
Connective tissue.

Question 24

Within connective tissue of spinal nerve, what are the three components and what do they surround?

Answer 24

• Endoneurium:
  surrounds individual
  neurons.
• Perineurium:
  surrounds axon
  groups to form
  fascicles.
• Epineurium: surrounds
  the entire nerve

Question 25

Spinal nerves are indicated by what?

Answer 25

Capital Letter and Number

Question 26

What is the dermatomal map?

Answer 26

skin area supplied with sensory
innervation by spinal nerves