Nervous system

Question 1

nervous system

Answer 1

master controlling and communication system of the body.

Question 2

sensory input

Answer 2

the gathered information, from outside and inside the body.

Question 3

integration

Answer 3

the process where the gathered information is processed and interpreted with the sensory input and make decisions what should be done at each moment.

Question 4

central nervous system

Answer 4

consists of the brain and spinal cord.

Question 5

peripheral nervous system

Answer 5

mainly nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord.

Question 6

somatic nervous system

Answer 6

allows us to voluntarily control our skeletal muscles.

Question 7

autonomic nervous system

Answer 7

regulates events that are automatic, such as the activity of smooth and cardiac muscles and glands.

Question 8

neuroglia

Answer 8

“lumped together” includes many cells that generally support, insulate, and protect the delicate neurons.

Question 9

astrocytes

Answer 9

abundant star shaped cells that account for nearly half of the neural tissue.

Question 10

microglia

Answer 10

spiderlike phagocytes that dispose of debris.

Question 11

ependymal cells

Answer 11

the glial cells line the cavities of the brain and spinal cord.

Question 12

oligodendrocytes

Answer 12

glia that wrap their flat extinctions tightly around the nerve fibers.

Question 13

Schwann cells

Answer 13

from myelin sheaths around nerve fibers that are found in the PNS.

Question 14

satellite cells

Answer 14

act as a protective, cushioning cells.

Question 15

neurons

Answer 15

transmit messages from one part of the body to the other.

Question 16

dendrites

Answer 16

neuron process that convey incoming messages toward the cell body.

Question 17

axons

Answer 17

generate nerve impulses and typically conduct them away from the cell body.

Question 18

axon hillock

Answer 18

axon arises from a cone-like region of the cell body called this.

Question 19

axon terminals

Answer 19

occasional axon gives off a collateral branch along its length, but all axons branch profusely at their terminal end, forming axon terminals.

Question 20

myelin

Answer 20

long nerve fibers are covered with a whitish fatty material called this.

Question 21

nodes of Ranvier

Answer 21

the gaps or indentations.

Question 22

depolarization

Answer 22

rush of sodium ions change the polarity of the neurons membrane at the site is called this.

Question 23

action potential

Answer 23

a long distance signal called in the neurons.

Question 24

repolarization

Answer 24

the outflow of of positive ions from the cells restores the electrical conditions at the membrane to the polarized or resting state, called this.

Question 25

cerebrum

Answer 25

most superior part of the brain

Question 26

parietal lobe

Answer 26

either of the paired lobes of the brain at the top of the head, including areas concerned with the reception and correlation of sensory information.

Question 27

frontal lobe

Answer 27

each of the paired lobes of the brain lying immediately behind the forehead, including areas concerned with behavior, learning, personality, and voluntary movement.

Question 28

occipital lobe

Answer 28

the rearmost lobe in each cerebral hemisphere of the brain.

Question 29

temporal lobe

Answer 29

each of the paired lobes of the brain lying beneath the temples, including areas concerned with the understanding of speech.

Question 30

gray matter

Answer 30

is a major component of the central nervous system, consisting of neuronal cell bodies.

Question 31

cerebral white matter

Answer 31

is one of the two main solid components of the central nervous system.

Question 32

cerebellum

Answer 32

the part of the brain at the back of the skull in vertebrates. Its function is to coordinate and regulate muscular activity.