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A&P 1 > Nervous System Lab > Flashcards

Nervous System Lab Flashcards

1
Q

CN ll

A

Optic

Sensory

Vision

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2
Q

CN lll

A

Oculomotor

Motor

Eye movement

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3
Q

CN lV

A

Trochlear(smallest)

Motor

Eye movement

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4
Q

CN V

A

Trigeminal (largest)

Mixed

Sensory- from face
Motor- mastication

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5
Q

CN Vl

A

Abduscens

Motor

Lateral eye movement

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6
Q

CN Vll

A

Facial

Mixed

Sensory- taste on anterior 2/3 of tongue

Motor- facial expression

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7
Q

CN Vlll

A

Vestibulocochlear

Sensory

Equilibrium and hearing

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8
Q

CN lX

A

Glosopharyngeal

Mixed

Sensory- taste posterior 1/3 of tongue
Motor- swallowing

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9
Q

CN X

A

Vagus(longest)

Mixed

Sensory-organs from abdominal and thoracic cavity

Motor- to organs of abdominal and thoracic cavity, innervates heart, swallowing.

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10
Q

CN Xl

A

Accessory

Motor

Head/shoulder movement

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11
Q

CN Xll

A

Hypoglosal

Motor

Tongue movement

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12
Q

Meninges

A

CT layers around CNS

  1. Dura mater (only one on sheep brain)
  2. Arachnoid
  3. Pia mater
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13
Q

Epidural space

A

Potential space (nothing there) located ABOVE the dura mater

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14
Q

Subdural space

A

Empty space between dura mater and arachnoid

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15
Q

Dura mater and arachnoid

A

Located in deep folds only

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16
Q

Subarachnoid space

A

Spinal fluid, located under arachnoid layer

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17
Q

Pia mater

A

Goes into small folds/pockets

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18
Q

Types of nervous tissue

A

Gray matter

White matter

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19
Q

Gray matter

A

Find neuron somas

Where info is being processed

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20
Q

White matter

A

Myelinated axons

Where how the info is traveling

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21
Q

6 Brain Regions

A
  1. Cerebrum
  2. Cerebellum
  3. Diencephalon
  4. Midbrain
  5. Pons
  6. Medulla oblongata
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22
Q

Gyrus

A

Pl. gyri

Raised ridge of tissue (hills)

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23
Q

Sulcus

A

Pl. sulci

Shallow groove (valleys)

Central sulcus
Lateral sulcus
Parietal-occipital sulcus

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24
Q

Lobe

A

Functioning area of cerebrum

  1. Frontal
  2. Parietal
  3. Occipital
  4. Temporal
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25
Q

Fissure

A

Deep groove

  1. Longitudinal fissure (Sagittal)
  2. Transverse fissure
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26
Q

Hemispheres

A

Right/left lobes

Separated along longitudinal fissure

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27
Q

Corpus callosum

A

In between right and left hemispheres

Connects white matter information transmission between hemispheres of brain

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28
Q

Cerebellum

A

Little cerebrum

Arborvitae- white matter
Folia- grey matter

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29
Q

Diencephalon

A

Hypothalamus- underneath thalamus (left/right)

Thalamus- eye of seahorse(left/right)

Pineal Gland- pea shaped center of brain

30
Q

Midbrain

A 
Superior colliculi (top bumps)
Inferior colliculi (bottom bumps)
Cerebral aqueduct (channel under aqueduct)
Cerebral peduncle (under aqueduct)
31
Q

Pons

A

Bump in between midbrain and medulla oblongata

32
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

Inferior to pons

Anterior to cerebellum and fourth ventricle

33
Q

Ventricles

A

Space in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid

34
Q

Lateral ventricle

A

Two of these, one inside each central hemisphere

35
Q

Third ventricle

A

In midline of Diencephalon

36
Q

Cerebral aqueduct

A

In the midbrain

37
Q

Fourth ventricle

A

Between the pons, the medulla oblongata, and cerebellum

38
Q

Nerve

A

Group of axons attached to peripheral system

39
Q

Spinal cord subarachnoid space

A

Filled with cerebral fluid

40
Q

Spinal cord epidural space

A

Adipose tissue (protection)

41
Q

Grooves on spinal cord

A

Sulcus/ fissure

42
Q

Dorsal groove

A

Dorsal median sulcus

43
Q

Ventral groove-

A

Ventral median fissure

44
Q

Central canal

A

Cerebral spinal fluid

45
Q

Neuron soma

A

Grey matter

46
Q

Dorsal horn

A

Sensory- afferent (in)

47
Q

Ventral horn

A

Motor- efferent (out)

48
Q

Dorsal root

A

Contain afferent axons

49
Q

Conus medullaris

A

End of spinal cord

L1-L2 vertebrae

50
Q

Spinal cord regions

A

5 regions

  1. Cervical
  2. Thoracic
  3. Lumbar
  4. Sacral
  5. Coccygeal
51
Q

Bottom of spinal/vertebral canal

A

Cauda Equina (horses tail)

52
Q

Reflex

A

A rapid automatic response to a stimulus

53
Q

Reflex arcs a series of steps

A
  1. Apply a stimulus–> activates a sensory receptor
  2. Activates afferent neuron (sends to CNS)
  3. CNS processing all the info( brain/ spinal cord)
  4. Activate efferent neuron
  5. Response of the effector organ–> muscle contracts/ gland secretes
54
Q

Types of reflexes based upon:

A
  1. Site of CNS processing (in/out of 1)

A. Cranial
B. Spinal

  1. # of synapses in reflex arc

A. Monosynaptic
B. Polysynaptic

55
Q

Sclera

A

White, tough, strong

56
Q

Cornea

A

Transparent (allows light to go through)

57
Q

Choroid layer

A

Blood vessels, 2nd later

58
Q

Iris

A

Colored portion

59
Q

Pupil

A

Hole goes through colored iris, allows light through

60
Q

Lens

A

Transparent, changes shape, pliable

Decreases with age–>reading glasses

61
Q

Retina

A

Photoreceptors –> get light back

62
Q

Photoreceptors

A

Rods

Cones

63
Q

Rods

A
  1. Rods- more abundant than cones; sensitive to low levels of light (decrease with age)

Functions: night vision, peripheral vision (rod location)

64
Q

Cones-

A

Increase concentration in the macula (dead center back of eyeball)

Functions: bright light, visual acuity, color vision (3 types: red, blue, green)

65
Q

Pinna

A

Aka auricle

Captures sound waves

66
Q

Malleus

A

Hammer like attached to tympanic membrane

67
Q

Incus

A

Tiny anvil

Between malleus and stapes

68
Q

Stapes

A

Smallest/stirrup

69
Q

Auditory canal

A

Eustachian tube- adjusts pressure, equalize

70
Q

Cochlea

A

Hearing, filled with fluid, the movement of fluid creates mechanical waves

71
Q

CN 1

A

Olfactory

Sensory

Smell

A&P 1 (2 decks)

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