Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anat Spring Exam 3 > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

CN VII CBO that’s facial motor nucleus

A

SVE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CN VII CBO that’s superior salivatory nucleus, submandibular & pterygopalatine ganglia

A

GVE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

CN VII CBO that’s geniculate ganglion – trigeminal spinal nucleus

A

GSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

CN VII CBO that’s geniculate ganglion – spiral nucleus (TWO)

A

SVA & GVA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

CN VII functional component for mm. of facial expression

A

SVE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

CN VII functional component for lacrimal, nasal & oral mucosal, salivary glands

A

GVE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CN VII functional component for sensory of the skin of the ear

A

GSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CN VII functional component for sensory anterior 2/3 of tongue (chorda tympani)

A

SVA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

CN VII functional component for palatine tonsil & posterior nasal cavity

A

GVA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CN VII shares CBO solitary nucleus for taste with CN ___ and ___

A

CN IX and X

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

CN VII shares CBO trigeminal spinal nucleus for inner ear mm with CN ___

A

CN IX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CN VII shares CBO trigeminal spinal nucleus for outer ear pain, touch, temp with CN ___

A

CN X

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Nerve involved with closing eye:

opening eye:

A 
CN VII (temporal branch)
CN III
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Visceral afferent structures served by CN VII

A
  • Anterior 2/3 of tongue

- Palatine tonsil, posterior nasal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

CN VII p-symp ganglion that innervate glands

A

Pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pterygopalatine ganglion of CN VII innervates which 3 glands:

A

lacrimal, nasal & oral mucosal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Submandibular ganglion of CN VII innervates which 2 glands:

A

submandibular salivary, sublingual salivary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is Bell’s palsy and what are the symptoms:

A

Acute facial nerve paralysis.

Hyperacusis, reduced salivation and lacrimation, numbness of ear/ tongue/ face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Effect of lesion of CN VII in internal auditory canal:

A

complete inactivation of CN VII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Effect of lesion of CN VII in facial canal

A

inactivation of chorda tympani & facial n. branches. No taste, no facial mm. movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Effect of lesion of CN VII at the stylomastoid foramen

A

no movement of facial mm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Symptoms of lesion of a the corticobulbar fibers :

A

paralysis of facial mm. below eye level to OPPOSITE side of face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

CN V CBO that’s trigeminal motor nucleus

A

SVE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

CN V CBO that’s trigeminal mesncephalic nucleus (specific E or P)

A

GSA-p

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

CN V CBO that’s trigeminal spinal nucleus (specific E or P)

A

GSA-e

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

CN V functional component for muscles of mastication

A

SVE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

CN V functional component for neuromuscular spindles of mm. of mastication , tension receptors in perio ligaments (specific E or P)

A

GSA-p

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

CN V functional component for skin in face, oronasal mucous membrane, teeth, dura mater (specific E or P)

A

GSA-e

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

subdivisions of CN V

A

V1 - opthalmic
V2 - maxillary
V3 - mandibular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

4 trigeminal nuclei:

Which 3 are located in the pons and which one is in the midbrain?

A
  • Trigeminal spinal nucleus
  • Trigeminal principal sensory nucleus
  • Trigeminal motor nucleus
  • Trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (MIDBRAIN)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Which trigeminal nucleus is special and why?

A

Mesencephalic.
Consists fo unipolar cells of neural crest origin. Axons are scattered on either side of t.m. tract to supratrig. nucleus or to nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

3 other CN’s (besides CN V) that contribute axons to the trigeminal spinal tract

A

CN VII, IX, X

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

2 ascending projections from the trigeminal sensory nuclei and where do they terminate

A

Anterior and Posterior trigeminothalamic tracts.

Sensory cortex of postcentral gyrus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

ANTERIOR trigeminothalamic tract function and termination area

A

pain, touch, temp from face/head/neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

POSTERIOR trigeminothalamic tract function

A

pressure, discrimination touch from Meissner’s and Pacinian corpuscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Direct vs. Consensual Corneal reflex ____ cornea and which one closes the eye on opposite side

A

stimulate

Consensual=opposite side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Jaw-jerk reflex… upper motor neuron lesion ___ while LMNL ____

A

increases

decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Jaw-jerk reflex.. ___ sense stretching while __ travels to mm. of mastication to close jaw

A

GSAp

SVE trigeminal motor nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia

A

severe facial pain due to compression of trigeminal nerve, may be due to dilated vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Trigeminal tractotomy (cure for trigeminal neuralgia)

A

microvasular decompression (old school way)

descending trigeminal tract shocked with electrodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus function:
principal sensory:
spinal nucleus:

A
  • proprioception
  • discriminative touch
  • pain, crude touch, temp
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Raphe nuclei location:

A

midbrain, pons, medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Midbrain raphe nuclei project to:

A

cerebral cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Pontine, medullar raphe & nucleus raphe magnus nuclei project to:

A

spinal cord

45
Q

Neurotransmitter associated with raphe nuclei

A

serotonin

46
Q

Raphe spinal tract begins at ___ raphe nucleus and decussates (crosses) at ____. Synapses on ___neurons in Lamina _, _, and _ of spinal cord

A

dorsal
midbrain
interneurons
I, II, V

47
Q

Periaqueductal gray (PAG) is associated with __, regulates _____, and initiates _____ behaviors

A
  • pain
  • heart/respiration rates
  • defensive and reproductive behaviors
48
Q

Major input source of periaqueductal gray:

A

ascending sensory system & descending signals from limbic system.

49
Q

Locus ceruleus location:
input:
target:
neurotransmitter:

A
  • between base cerebellar attachment point and rostral pons
  • afferents from hypothalamus
  • excitatory effect on most of brain
  • norepinephrine
50
Q

Ventral tegmental location:

neurotransmitter:

A
  • floor of midbrain tegmentum

- dopamine (HAPPY!)

51
Q

Ventral tegmental 2 tracts and their targets:

A

Mesocortical fibers - to frontal cortex

Mesolimbic fibers - to nucleus accumbens & striatum

52
Q

____ sends ___ to ___ to control sleep and wakefulness

A
  • Dorsolateral pontine tegmentum
  • ACh
  • Hypothalamus
53
Q

Hypothalamus active:

Pontine tegmentum, locus ceruleus, raphe nuclei active:

A
  • sleep

- awake

54
Q

Cerebellum located in which skull cavity

A

posterior cranial fossa (below tentorium)

55
Q

Primary function of cerebellum:

A

motor coordination, output of motor cortex and motor nuclei

56
Q

Purkinje cells function: line up in:
use which neurotransmitter:
only cell to ____ cortex

A
  • inhibitory and constitute the sole output of all motor coordination
  • Cerebral cortex
  • GABA
  • leave
57
Q

Granular cell function:

A

receive excitatory input from mossy fibers to produce simple spikes on Perkinje cells

58
Q

Mossy fibers relay signals from:

A

proprioceptive receptors.

59
Q

Parallel fibers connect ___ and ___

A

purkinje cells

granular cells

60
Q

Climbing fibers come from ___ and terminate on ___

A

inferior olive

Purkinje dendrites

61
Q

The peduncles connect the ___ to the ___

A

cerebellum

brainstem

62
Q

3 cerebellar peduncles and and whether they carry fibers into or out of the cerebellum

A

Superior (out .. and in)
Middle (in)
Inferior (in …and out)

63
Q

Which tract has the sensation of joint and limb location

A

spinocerebellar tract

64
Q

3 physiological subdivisions of cerebellum

A

Vestibulocerebellum
Spinocerebellum
Pontocerebellum

65
Q

Vestibulocerebellum correlates to:
Spinocerebellum:
Pontocerebellum:

A
  • flocculondular lobe
  • paravermal area
  • lateral hemisphere
66
Q

CTCC loop is compared to:
Which part of brain modifies the movement:
Signals are relayed to:

A
  • moving big toe up 1cm
  • cerebellum
  • MOTOR cortex
67
Q

olivo-cerebellar loop function:

Activation of ___ to produce purkinje spikes called ____ signals

A
  • timing for tens of milliseconds
  • climbing fibers
  • error/teaching
68
Q

Flocullondular lobe lesion:
paravermal lesion:
Lateral hemisphere lesion:

A
  • Following Finger problems (eye movement)
  • inability to walk line
  • slllllurred speech
69
Q

What does a martini do to the Olive

A

increase activity, dysfunction of electrical synapses

70
Q

Hippocampus function:

Creates a ___ of an event called a ____

A
  • evaluates sensory info for familiar/important content.
  • roladex-like file
  • concept neuron
71
Q

Hippocampus input:

output:

A
  • visual, auditory, tactile

- sensory cortical areas (memory) and mammilary body

72
Q

Amygdala function:
projects to:
It’s the source of _____.
Involved in memory of ___ events

A
  • evaluate sensory signals as to emotional content (facial expressions, surroundings)
  • hypothalamus and brainstem
  • anxiety and fear
  • social
73
Q

Amygdela input:

output:

A
  • primary sensory input

- hypothalamus & brainstem

74
Q

Kluver-Bucy syndrome is from:

Symptoms:

A

-bilateral temporal pole removal
-compulsive manipulation of objects.
Insatiable appetite, sexual exhibitionism. complete loss of aggressive behavior

75
Q

Papez’ circuit starts with ___ and ends with ___

A
  • hippocampal formation

- entorhinal cortex

76
Q

Damage to hippocampus

A

inability to remember “where am i”. (hippocampus helps you get around campus)

77
Q

Neuroanatomical basis of procedural memory:

A

striatum and basal ganglia communicate to process this memory

78
Q

Neuroanatomical basis of declarative memory

A

hippocampus

79
Q

Grid cell location:

Place cell location:

A
  • perihinal cortex

- hippocampus

80
Q

Effect of alzheimer’s on hippocampus

A

cell loss to hippocampal formation. Disconnects input/output paths

81
Q

Stimulation of the amygdala will produce which emotion?

A

anxiety and fear.

stimulation of only left amygdala can cause happiness OR anxiety/fear

82
Q

Amygdala is responsible for the storage and recall of which aspect of memory?

A

social events

83
Q

Stimulation of the nucleus accumbens will produce which emotion?

A

reward center. Pleasure.

84
Q

How is nucleus accumbens involved in addiction?

A

high levels of dopamine cause an increase in receptor sites so it’ll require a stronger surge to replicate usual pleasure from addiction

85
Q

Medial pain system function:

A

appreciation and control of subjective aspects of pain

86
Q

Anterior cingulate cortex:

Midcingulate cortex:

A
  • selects AUTONOMIC response appropriate to ongoing emotions

- …SOMATIC…

87
Q

Insular cortex is related to ___ of the human

A

consciousness

88
Q

2 major sources of fibers to the hypothalamus

A

hippocamps and amygdala

89
Q

“Jet lag” can be reset by action within which hypothalamic nucleus?

A

Suprachiasmatic nucleus

90
Q

2 hypothalamic nuclei that produce ADH and oxytocin

A

Supraoptic nuclei and paraventricular nuclei

91
Q

Lesion of the ventromedial hypthalamus has what effect on appetite

A

VentroMedail makes you eat Very Much

92
Q

Relationship between hypothalamus, anterior and posterior pituitary, and adrenal gland. They form the ____ which controls reactions to ___. Regulates:

A
  • HPA axis
  • stress
  • digestion, immune system, mood, emotions, energy usage
93
Q

What neurotransmitter facilitates both uterine contractions and milk let-down during nursing

A

oxytocin

94
Q

4 clinically significant basal ganglia

A

Striatum
globus pallidus
substantia nigra
subthalmic nucleus

95
Q

Striatum is the major input to the ____. It lies ____to the thalamus and is divided by the____. Made up by 3 nuclei

A
  • basal ganglia system
  • lateral
  • internal capsule
96
Q

3 nuclei that make up the striatum

A
  • caudate nucleus
  • putamen nucleus
  • nucleus accumbens
97
Q

2 nuclei that make up Lenticular nucleus

A

putamen

globus pallidus

98
Q

Basal ganglia fiber bundles:

they aim for:

A
  • striato-pallido-nigral bundle

- caudate nucleus

99
Q

What separates the caudate nucleus and putamen

A

internal capsule

100
Q

Neurotransmitter that makes up the substantia nigra pars compacta:
Disease resulting in loss of these neurons:

A
  • dopamine

- parkinson’s

101
Q

Inhibitory neurotransmitter of the caudate-putamen and globus pallidus

A

GABA

102
Q

2 nuclei that are disinhibited by the action of globus pallidus:
End result:

A

1) subthalmic nucleus
2) thalamus VL nucleus
- disinhibition of indirect loop (thus, motor inactivity)

103
Q

Athetoid:
Choreiform:
Ballistic:

A
  • slow, involuntary, twisiting
  • spastic irregular nonrepetitive movements
  • repetitive, various, flailing
104
Q

Akinesia:
Bradykinesia:

A
  • no movement

- slowed movement

105
Q

Direct pathway ___ indirect and indirect pathways ___ motor activity

A

inhibits

inhibits

106
Q

Huntington’s disease is loss of ____neurons
Parkinsons is loss of:
Hemiballism is loss of:

A
  • GABAergic
  • substantia nigra pars compacta
  • subthalmic nucleus
107
Q

Region of cortex that’s the target of efferent signals from the basal ganglia

A

motor cortex

108
Q 
System associated with
Anterior nucleus:
Ventroposteromedial (VPM):
VPL:
VA:
VL:
A
  • declarative memory
  • touch
  • touch
  • motor control
  • motor control
109
Q

Name a thalamic association nucleus:

non-specific thalamic nucleus:

A
  • mediodorsal nucleus

- intralaminar nuclesu

Anat Spring Exam 3 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions