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mental dental > NEW MD ENDO CARDS > Flashcards

NEW MD ENDO CARDS Flashcards

1
Q

what 3 types of cells are found in pulp?

A

Fibroblasts

Odontoblasts : primary (before root formation complete) and secondary dentin (after)

mesenchymal cells: tertiary dentin (secondary odontoblasts protect pulp from injury)

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2
Q

how does dentin affect pulp?

A

limits ability to expand

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3
Q

calcifcation of tubules in response to slowly advancing caries is what type of dentin ?

A

sclerotic dentin ( hard)

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4
Q

histologic zone of pulp

A

Inside -> out

predentin , odontoblastic layer, cell-free zone of weil, cell-rich zone, pulp core

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5
Q

this pulp fiber resonds to cold

A

A-delta fiber

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6
Q

structre of C vs alha-delta diber

A

alpha: marge myelated afference nerve

c-fiber: small unmyelinated afferent

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7
Q

which way do alpha and C fibers travel

A

alpha: coronally through pulp

C fiber: centrally om [ulp stroma

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8
Q

C fiber vs alpha fiber, which one is dull throbbing pain?

A

C fiber ( alpha is sharp transient)

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9
Q

a patient feels pain at a stimulus lower than they usually feel. what is this called

A

allodynia ( sun burn hurts when you touch skin, doesnt normally hurt)

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10
Q

an example of referred pain would be ?

A

preauricular pain from mandibular molars ( share V3 innervation)

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11
Q

EPT test is contraindicated in patients that have what>

A

cardiac pacemaker

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12
Q

a patient comes in no complaints of spontaneous pain. turns out symptom is coming from an irritant. what does he have?

A

reversible pulpitis

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13
Q

patient is asymtpmatic and no clinical signs. what do they have

A

asymtpomatic irreversible pulpitis

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14
Q

patient has a long term interruption of blood supply to the pulp. diagnosis ?

A

pulp necrosis

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15
Q

patient has no response to cold. what is it?

A

pulpal necrosis !!

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16
Q

patient has heightened and lingering response to pulp. what is it?

A

symptomatic irreversible pulpitis ( necrosis means no response)

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17
Q

patient has no sympts but PARL developing on radiograph. what do they have?

A

asymtpomatic apical periodontitis

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18
Q

straight line access should be to >

A

orifice and apex

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19
Q

what tooth has the highest rate of root occurrence?

A

maxillary canine 96% chance of 1 root

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20
Q

what tooth most likely to have 2 roots

A

max 1st pm

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21
Q

access shape of maxillary molars

A

blunted triangle/ rhomboidal

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22
Q

access prep shape of mandibular molars

A

trapezoid

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23
Q

file colors

A

why you run blu ? go Back

15 20 25 30 35 40

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24
Q

the SS hand files have what size taper?

A

.02

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25
Q

the niTi rotary instruments have what size

A

.04

.06

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26
Q

size 15 file is what at the tip? and what at 16 mm?

A

.15 mm at tip and .47 mm from tip to 16 mm from tip

.15 + .02(16mm) .47 mm

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27
Q

what is the irrigant that dissolves ORGANIC materials?

A

NaOCl sodium hypochlorite

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28
Q

what is the lubricant that dissolves INORGANIC material

A

EDTA

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29
Q

what dissolves GP in retreatment of RC

A

chloroform

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30
Q

primary endodontic infection bacteria?

A

bacteroides

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31
Q

failed endo treatment bacteria?

A

enterococcus faecalis

EF

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32
Q

main ingredient for GP and sealer? **

A

zoe !!

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33
Q

when condensing GP which one is warm and which is cold

vertical and lateral condensing?

A

Vertical: warm

Lateral : cold

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34
Q

what is surgical RCT?

A

cutting off apex tip and re instrumentation

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35
Q

best method for localized and fluctuant swelling?

A

incision and drainage

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36
Q

periapical microsurgery is what/

A

resectioning of 3 mm of diseased root tip

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37
Q

ways to avoid ledging in root canals

A

NiTI files
use smaller instruments to bypass ledge
instrument canal to full length
pre bend file

38
Q

what type of perforation is through pulpal floor?

A

furcal perforation

39
Q

what is considered danger zone in a molar in endo?

A

D side of M root !!!

40
Q

what is better. perforating more apical or more coronal?

A

more apical

41
Q

what is sign of perforation?

A

immediate hemmorrhage

sudden pain

42
Q

what material do you internally repair when perforating a tooth

A

MTA

43
Q

trauma protocol for tooth

A

TRAVMA

tetanus booster ( avulsion only) 
radiograph
antibiotic ( avulsion only)
vitality test
more
appointments
44
Q

when would you need tetanus booster for tooth trauma? what about antibiotics?

A

avulsion only

avulsions only

45
Q

what are ellis classifcation

A 
1- enamel
2- enamel and dentin
3- e,d,p
4- traumatized tooth becomes non vital
5- luxation ( displacement of tooth) 
6- avulsion ( completely out)
46
Q

what is an uncomplicated fracture ?

A

fracture without pulp involvement

47
Q

how to fix an euncomplicated fracture affected enamel only?

A

smooth edges

48
Q

how to fix uncomplicated fracture that affects enamel and dentin?

A

restore

49
Q

a patient fractures his tooth with pulp involvement. it has been less than 24 hrs. what should we do?

A

direct pulp cap

50
Q

a patient fractures his tooth to the pulp and it has been 24 hours. what should clinician do?

A

CVEK ( partial pulpotomy

51
Q

patient fractures his tooth with pulp involved and it has been 72 hours. what to do?

A

pulpotomy

52
Q

patient has a horizontal root fracture on the coronal portion. what should treatment be>

A

RIGID splint 6-12 weeks ( WORST KIND)

53
Q

patient has a horizontal root fracture on the midroot portion. what should treatment be>

A

FLEXIBLE splint for 3 weeks

54
Q

patient has a horizontal root fracture on the APICAL portion. what should treatment be>

A

flexible splint for 2 weeks max to avoid ankylosis

55
Q

if a tooth is concussed, what is the tx option?

A

let tooth rest

56
Q

this is when a tooth does not displace, but mobilits is increased. PDL rips and bleeds
what is tx?

avulsion
lateral luxation
sub luxation
extrusion

A

subluxation (tooth loose in socket)

flexible spling 1-2 weeks

57
Q

tooth is partially extruded from the socket
tx?

avulsion
lateral luxation
luxation
extrusion

A

extrusion ( tooth out coronally)

open apex: reposition, flexible splint, monitor
closed: resp. flexible splint,RCT

58
Q 
displacement of tooth in any direction except axially. usually crown displaced palatally and root displaced labially 
tx?
avulsion 
lateral luxation
luxation
extrusion
A

lateral luxation

open: reposition, flexible splint, monitor
closed: rep. flex sp. RCT if needed

80% necrosis closed apex

59
Q

complete seperation of tooth from its alveolus
tx?
closed / open apex
>60 and <60

avulsion 
lateral luxation
luxation
intrusion
extrusion
A

depends on EDT ( extra dry time)

closed:
<60 : reimplant, splint
>60: reimplant, splint, RCT

Open:
<60: reimplant, splint , specification first sign of pulp infection
>60: may or maynot implant, spling, rct, plan for implant

60
Q

apical displacement of tooth
tx?

avulsion 
lateral luxation
luxation
intrusion
extrusion
A

intrusion: tooth gets pushed in to socket

OPEN: ALLOW TO REERUP !!!! (BOARD ?_
closed: reposition, flex splint, RCT

96% necrosis closed apices

61
Q

which one has 96% chance necrosis with closed apex?

avulsion 
lateral luxation
intrusion
luxation
extrusion
A

intrusion

62
Q

patient falls and tooth comes out. it has been only 45 minutes. what should tx be?

A

closed:
<60 : reimplant, splint

Open:
<60: reimplant, splint , specification first sign of pulp infection

63
Q

patient falls and tooth comes out. it has been 2 hours. what should tx be?

A

closed
>60: reimplant, splint, RCT

open
>60: may or maynot implant, spling, rct, plan for implant

64
Q

what is the best and worst store media for a tooth that comes out?

A

Hanks balanced salt solution -> milk _> saline -> water (hypotonic no balnce of ions)

65
Q

external resorption initiates where and is due to damage of what?

A

periodonteium

cementoblastic layer

66
Q

ankylosis is type of what ?

cervical resorption
replacement resorption
inflammatory root resporption

A

replacement: repalces PDL with bone

67
Q

a patient that had nonvital bleeching complains about sensitivity. radiograph shows r/l on cervix of tooth. what might this patient have?

A

cervical resorption

68
Q

bacteria and byproducts from nectoric pulp travel through dentinal tubules to affect peridontiem called what?

A

inflammatory root resoprtion ( external resoprtion)

69
Q

internal resoprtion initates where and damages what layer

A

root canal system

odontoblastic layer

70
Q

true or false. external resoption easier to treat than internal

A

false

internal is easier

71
Q

tmnt for internal resorption ?

A

RCT

72
Q

calcific metamorphosis ( discolation of anterior teeth) is caused by what?

A

trauma that induces odontoblasts to rapidly crease a lot of dentin in pulp space

73
Q

what is radiographic finding of calcific metamorphosis

A

canal obliteration b/c pulp canal shrink to point you cant see it

74
Q

what does caoh do?

pH?

A

stimulates secondary odontoblasts (repair dentinal bridge formation)

12.5 ( kills bacteria)

75
Q

what does MTA do?

what is it used for?

A

stimulates cementoblasts
fxn: root repair, apex filler
nonresorbable ( great sealer)

76
Q

indirect pulp cap uses what materials

A

CAOH , RMGI

77
Q

drilling and expose pulp that is 1 mm. what do you do?

material you add?

A

direct pulp cap, caoh

78
Q

portion of pulp is diseases. what do you do?

A

remove small portion coronal diseased pulp

79
Q

theres a traumatic exposure of pulp more than 24 hours. what do you do?

A

cvek pulpotomy (partial)

80
Q

a traumatic exposure lasts more than 72 hours. what do you do?
materials add?

A

pulpotomy

zoe in crown
formocresol in orifices

81
Q

a primary tooth with traumatic exposure more than 72 hours that is VITAL and resotrable, what do you do?

A

pulpotomy

82
Q

what are properties of formocresol?
what is it made of?
when do you use it?

A

20% formaldehyde
bactericidal and fixative ( kills bacteria/ fixes pulp)

USE PEDIATRIC PULPOTOMY OF VITAL TOOTH

83
Q

doing a pulptomy on a kid, what do you use ?

A

formocresol

84
Q

a patient has a nonvital, restorable primary tooth with pulp exposure that is ASYMPTOMATIC. what should they do>?

A

pulpectomy

85
Q

what materials added for pulpectomy of primary tooth?

A

zoe in crown
caoh in root ( caoh resorbed by underlying permanent teeth)

pain relief on teeth with irreversible pulpitis
Primary teeth: nonvital and reasonable with asymptomatic pulp exposure

86
Q

a patient has symptomatic molar that nonrestorable and root resporption, what should we do?

A

extraction

SYMPTOMATIC= extraction

87
Q

what tooth is most susceptible to extraction

A

primary first molar= LOTS OF ACCESSORY CANALS

88
Q

teenager walks in with vital pulp exposure, and is undergone pulp therapy ( CVEK, PPTy) etc. what happens now

A

apexogenesis ( development of apex in an IMMATURE PERMANENT TOOTH)

happens afterpulp cap placed on healthy or diseased pulp ( CaOH and MTA)

89
Q

difference between apexogenesis and apexification?

A

apexogenesis:

  • maintain pulp vitality
  • caOH or MTA place following IPC, DPC, CVEK, PPTY in IMMATURE permanent tooth

specification:

  • disnfection of root canal
  • CaOH or MTA placed on base of canal after PCTY performed in IMMATURE PERMANENT TOOTJ
90
Q

a pulpectomy is done on a teenager, what treatment should follow it?

A

apexification

caoh or mta placed at base of canal after pulp removed especially in IMMATURE PERMANENT TOOTH

mental dental (18 decks)

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