NHS ORGANISATION Flashcards
How is the NHS funded?
General taxation with some national insurance contributions
Small amount of money ~1% comes from pt charges e.g. prescriptions and dentistry
The government decides the total NHS budget during its annual budgetry processes
Is social care funded under the NHS?
No it’s separate and its managed by local authorities
How are NHS funds allocated?
Most of the government funding goes to NHS England and NHS improvement who are responsible for delivering the NHS long term plan
NHS England oversee the commissioning of NHS services. They allocate funds to integrated care systems and this may be based on various factors such as population size, deprivation and health inequalities etc
Once ICSs receive funding they allocate it to various NHS services e.g. NHS trusts and hospitals, primary care networks etc
What is The Long Term Plan?
A plan launched jan 2019 with the aim of planning for the future of the NHS
Aims to improve care and make it more consistent across the UK, improve health outcomes, address unmet needs, ensure sustainable and effective spending
What are Integrated Care Systems?
42 ICS in England
They are partnerships that bring together NHS organisations, local authories and others to take collective responsibility for planning services, improving health and reducing inequalities across geographic areas. The aim is to provide more joined up care provision
They make sure money is distributed to where it is needed most e..g one area might need a big focus on maternity care so they can make this decision on distributing more money
What are integrated care system neighbourhoods and places?
Neighbourhoods are where GP surgeries come together as primary care networks
Places are local authority areas with collaborations between health and social care organisations
What is the Health and Social Care Act 2022?
This act introduced new legislative measures that aim to make it easier for health and care organisations to deliver joined-up care for people who rely on multiple different services
It introduced integrated care systems, abolishment of CCGs, encouraged collaboration among NHS providers to deliver integrated care and addressed health inequalities
What are Primary Care Networks?
A group of GP practices working closely together to provide integrated services to their local population
Each PCN covers a pt population of 30,000-50,000 pts
What is an Integrated Care Partnership?
Collaborative bodies bringing together health, social care, local government, and voluntary sector representatives to develop joint strategies for improving population health.
What is an Integrated Care Board?
A statutory NHS organisation responsible for meeting population health needs and managing budgets for services within the ICS area
What are the benefits of Integrated Care Systems?
•Tackle inequalities
•Improve population health and healthcare
•Enhance productivity and value for money
•Foster collaborations between health and care organisations
•Improve prevention
•Supporting patients with long-term conditions or mental health issues
What is health economics?
“The study of how scarce resources are allocated among alternative uses for the care of sickness and the promotion, maintenance, and improvement of health, including the study of how health care and health-related services, their costs and benefits, and health itself are distributed among individuals and groups in society.”
What is rationing?
Fair distribution of resources that are scarce
What is an opportunity cost?
Benefits foregone by particular use of resources
What is a cost effectiveness ratio?
Ratio of costs to outcomes
Net cost / changes in health outcome e.g. £100 per disease case avoided
