Nigeria

Question 1

Location?

Answer 1

• Access to sea for trading
• Central so has access to regional trading partners
• Variety of environments so many crops can be grown
• Prone to flooding in South
• Prone to drought in North

Question 2

Population?

Answer 2

• Projected growth 191 mil - 390 mil in 25 years
• Large workforce for growing manufacturing sector
• Difficult to provide infrastructure and housing for growing population

Question 3

Social context?

Answer 3

• Many ethnic groups
• Growth in cities (rural-urban migration) = traditional tribal differences broken down
• Conflicts still exist between groups = investment discouraged

Question 4

Political context?

Answer 4

• Many tribal territories = conflict between groups
• Democracy now following civil conflicts = hindered development
• More stable government = TNCs invest
• Still conflicts between ethnic groups over oil resources in south
• Boko Haram terrorist group uses inequality in north to recruit

Question 5

Environmental context?

Answer 5

• North is arid but supports pastoral agriculture
• South has high temperatures and rainfall = cocoa, rubber and palm oil
• Niger Delta region rich in oil and natural gas = battle for control, oil spills
• 25% of worldwide malaria cases

Question 6

Changing industry and economy?

Answer 6

• Primary industry 70% to 30% since 2000
• Tertiary sector 20% to 50% since 2000
• Wealth is not spread - over half population only £1.90/day

Question 7

Environmental effects of development?

Answer 7

• Lots of natural resources, provides jobs
• Pollution of land and rivers as waste is dumped
• Heavy reliance on oil, depletes faster
• Breathing and lung problems from fumes
• Few environmental regulations and monitoring

Question 8

Political and trading relationships

Answer 8

• Crude oil exports 40% up between 2013 and 2014
• Exports cheap raw material, imports expensive manufactured goods
• Close relationship with China, invested in $12bn railway in Nigeria
• Part of African Union
• Member of OPEC - helps determine oil prices

Question 9

TNCs?

Answer 9

-Shell oil 65,000 jobs
- Multiplier effect from TNCs = 250,000 jobs

Question 10

Aid projects?

Answer 10

• 60 million mosquito nets = can go to school/work
• UK government fund health programs
• China proved arm and training against Boko Haram
• UN World Food Programme supplied 40,000 people with food in northern Nigeria after Boko Haram conflicts

Question 11

Quality of life after development?

Answer 11

• 2005-2017 life expectancy 49 to 54
• GNI per capita $3830 to %5680