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History > Normans > Flashcards

Normans Flashcards

1
Q

Witan

A

A group of important men who meet to advise the King and make decisions about the country.

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2
Q

Heir

A

The next person who will come to the throne.

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3
Q

Anglo-Saxons

A

The group of people living in England in 1066 when the Normans from France invaded.

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4
Q

Normans

A

a group of people from Normandy in France who invaded England led by William the Conqueror.

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5
Q

Barons

A

An important person who is given power by the King.

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6
Q

Knights

A

A person who is given land in return for fighting for their lord or baron.

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7
Q

Peasant

A

A person who owns no land, but is permitted to work on the land of the baron.

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8
Q

Tax

A

Money charged by the King or government. The amount depends on how much you own.

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9
Q

Provenance

A

The origin of a source. Where it came from or who created it.

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10
Q

Siege

A

A way of attacking by stopping supplies and people coming in and out of a castle or town.

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11
Q

Motte and Bailey Castle

A

A stone or wooden keep on a mound or hill with an enclosed courtyard.

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12
Q

Who were the contenders for the throne in 1066?

A

Edgar Aethling, Harold Godwinson, William of Normandy, and Harald Hardrada.

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13
Q

Who was Edgar Aethling?

A

Edward’s nearest living blood relative.

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14
Q

Who was Harold Godwinson?

A

The most powerful English noble.

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15
Q

What did Harold Godwinson and William of Normandy claim?

A

That they had been promised the crown by Edward.

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16
Q

Who was Harald Hardrada?

A

The King of Norway

17
Q

Whose ancestors had previously ruled over England?

A

Harald Hardrada’s

18
Q

What are three reasons that William of Normandy won the Battle of Hastings?

A

William’s strengths, Harold’s mistakes and weaknesses, and luck

19
Q

What were two of William’s strengths in the Battle of Hastings?

A

He led a professional army and tricked Harold into leaving high ground

20
Q

What were two of Harold’s mistakes and weaknesses in the Battle of Hastings?

A

His men were tired from marching from the north and they fell for William’s trick.

21
Q

What was one piece of luck that helped William win the battle of Hastings?

A

The wind changed at just the right time so he arrived in England when Harold was in the north.

22
Q

What are four ways that the Normans got control of England?

A

The use of the feudal system, the ‘Harrying of the North’, use of the Domesday book and castles.

23
Q

What did the feudal system do?

A

Encouraged loyalty to the King.

24
Q

What did peasants, knights, lords, and barons receive in return for service and loyalty?

A

Land

25
Q

What did Willliam the Conqueror order in the ‘Harrying of the North’?

A

For villages to be destroyed and people to be killed

26
Q

What happened to the people who survived the ‘ Harrying of the North’?

A

They starved to death

27
Q

What was the point of the Domesday Book?

A

To find out how much to tax people

28
Q

What was the point of the Normans building castles?

A

To intimidate the population

29
Q

What happened in January 1066?

A

Edward the Confessor died and Harold Godwinson was crowned King of England.

30
Q

What happened in September 1066?

A

Harold II defeated Harald Hardrada at the Battle of Stamford Bridge

31
Q

What two things happened in October 1066?

A

The Normans introduced Motte ad Bailey castles to Britain and William of Normandy defeated Harold II at the Battle of Hastings

32
Q

What happened in December 1066?

A

William of Normandy (William the Conqueror) was crowned King of England.

33
Q

When was the Harrying of the North?

A

November 1069 to March 1070

34
Q

When was the first stone tower built by the Normans?

A

1070

35
Q

When was the Bayeux Tapestry completed?

A

1077

36
Q

What was the Bayeux Tapestry?

A

A tapestry illustrating the Battle of Hastings.

37
Q

When was the Domesday book used to assess the wealth of Britain?

A

1086

38
Q

When was the Death of William the Conqueror?

A

1087

History (5 decks)

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