North and Central African societies

Question 1

Goods traded in Timbuktu

Answer 1

salt, manufactured goods for gold

Question 2

climate of Sahara, items that carried great importance

Answer 2

salt: help body retain water, water

Question 3

hunting gathering societies

Answer 3

speak own language

Use own hunting technique

Question 4

Efe

Answer 4

forest dwellers
Nomadic
Women: gatherers
men and older boys: hunt
Older amps
10-100 members

Question 5

lineage

Answer 5

Believe they are descendants of common ancestor
includes past generations and future generations
members fell strong loyalities to one another

Question 6

Patrilineal

Answer 6

Trace through fathers

Question 7

matrilineal

Answer 7

Trace through mothers

Question 8

Age-set system

Answer 8

Young people within a region who are born during certain time period
Women and men/ different

Question 9

islam’s role in North Africa after Muhammad’s death

Answer 9

spread to Maghrib
Converted African rulers
African Muslim leaders based government on Islamic law

Question 10

Present day countries in Maghrib

Answer 10

Libya
Tunisia
Algeria
Morocco

Question 11

Islamic laws

Answer 11

Regulates almost all areas of human life

Helped bring order

Question 12

Berbers

Answer 12

Desert and mountain dwellers
Converted to Islam
2 groups (Almoravid and almohads)

Question 13

Importance of Berbers

Answer 13

Converted to Islam
Many maintained Berber identities and loyalties
Founded empires uniting Maghrib under Muslim rule

Question 14

Almoravid empire

Answer 14

Berber group

founded when berber muslims made hajj to mecca and convinced ibn yasin to return with them

Question 15

Abd Allah Ibn Yasin

Answer 15

Muslim scholar from morocco

Question 16

Abd Allah Ibn Yasin importance

Answer 16

taught and attracted followers
founded strict brotherhood
Led Almoravids in An effort to spread Islam through conquest

Question 17

Almohads

Answer 17

Berber Muslim reforms

seize power from Almovaids

Question 18

Ibn Tumart

Answer 18

Almohads followed his teachings
Critizied Almoravids for moving away from traditional practice of Islam
Urged his followers to strictly obey the teachings of the Koran and Islam law

Question 19

social structure of efe

Answer 19

respected older male = group leader

members of group listen to his opinion

Question 20

stateless socieities

Answer 20

families organized in groups called lineages
no centralized system of power
authrotiy was balanced among lineages of equal power

Question 21

almohads and almoravids difference

Answer 21

almohads: stricter about religion (ibn tumart urged followers to strictly obey teachings of koran and islamic law)