Nosocomial Outbreak

Question 1

Outbreak vs. Cluster

Answer 1

Same thing, but cluster has more soft, less severe feeling

Question 2

outbreak

Answer 2

increase in incidence or frequency of an event over the expected incidence or frequency for a particular population, time and place

Question 3

Nosocomial outbreak

Answer 3

these outbreaks are potentially preventable

can be mono or poly-microbial

higher frequency in ICU

higher morbi-mortality and costs

negative media exposure

Question 4

Hospital outbreak investigation

Answer 4

1. review available information
2. communication with authorities (initial control)
3. diagnostic confirmation (
4. case definition
5. case identification and study
6. working hypothesis and specific measures
7. epidemic curve
8. data concentration/ listing
9. refine and prove hypothesis
10. microbiology (feasibility) (to confirm your hypothesis
11. update control measures
12. report and policy

Question 5

When to start studying for infection in hospital investigation?

Answer 5

When all the cases are defined and grouped. From there, generate hypothesis and start your research

Question 6

cases of pseudomonas (or other unusual) caught. what should you do?

Answer 6

1 look over the surveillance data
2 call microbiology lab
3 call hospital chief or staff (leadership)

Question 7

defining cases

Answer 7

time, place site of the infection

From this, we can generate hypothesis

Question 8

Outbreaks are good because

Answer 8

it can generate a lot of exposure for the infection control program

Question 9

What is important than outbreak?

Answer 9

Surveillance, surveillance and surveillance

Question 10

controls

Answer 10

patient with similar exposures but different outcome (never match by the variables you are interested in

ex: age/sex/APACHEII matched patient in the unit within the time frame with an non-MDR Psudomona infection

Question 11

OR

Answer 11

ad/bc