Notes 02-11-14

Question 1

sacralization

Answer 1

S1, unfused from sacrum

Question 2

Lumbraization

Answer 2

S1, fused from L5

Question 3

Anterior Longitudinal Ligament

Answer 3

prevent extension

Question 4

Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

Answer 4

prevent flexion - posterior side of body

Question 5

Supraspinous Ligament

Answer 5

prevent flexion- above spinous processes ( lig nuchae)

Question 6

ligamentum flavum

Answer 6

prevent flexion

Question 7

brachial plexus

Answer 7

neck- C5-T1

Question 8

Lumbar Plexus

Answer 8

T12-L5

Question 9

Sacral Plexus

Answer 9

L4-S2

Question 10

Pain types

Answer 10

Local, Intermittent, Radiating

Question 11

Problems found within Local pain

Answer 11

1. Facet Instability
2. Fracture
3. Spondy
4. Psis- SI joint

Question 12

Problems Found with intermittent pain

Answer 12

1. Posterior Problems
2. increased lordosis
3. increased kyphosis
4. upward slip
5. sway back
6. scoliosis

Question 13

Problem found radiating pain

Answer 13

1. nerve root
2. bulging disc
3. stenosis
4. piriformis
5. dural sheath irritation
6. tumor

Question 14

William’s back exercise

Answer 14

1. pelvic tilt
2. partial sit-up
3. one-knee flexion
4. knee to chest
5. Hamstring

Question 15

Change in Sleep pattern laying Prone indicates

Answer 15

Increased extension- spondy

Question 16

Change in sleep pattern laying supine indicate

Answer 16

increased flexion-spondy

Question 17

Inspection/observation

Answer 17

1. muscle tone- symmetry
2. Sp. Alignment- adams position
3. Pelvic Height ( Asis, illiac crest, Psis, Greater Trochantor)
4. Shoulder Height- scapular placement
5. Spring Test- Hypermobile/Hypomobile

Question 18

Non-Organic Sources of back pain!

Answer 18

1. malingering- hoovers test
2. Waddells sing
3. decreased outcome than other LBP
4. generally not associated with malingering

Question 19

Waddell’s Sign

Answer 19

1. increased pain with axial load on spine
2. widspread dender
3. excessive show of emotion

Question 20

Change in Gait indicates

Answer 20

1. shuffle/shortened/ slower
2. decreased L4 (knee extension/ dorsal flexion)
3. decreased L5 ( Great Toes)
4. decreased S1 Reflex ( Achilles- Plantar Flexion)

Question 21

Erector Spinae problems include (5)

Answer 21

1. pain locally- centralized
2. palpated or visual muscle spasm
3. increase pain with ROM
4. increase pain with spinal extension
5. Neuro screen WNL

Question 22

Facet Joint Problems include

Answer 22

1. Local Sharp -spinal location pain

2. back locks

Question 23

Test ID for Facet Joint

Answer 23

Quadrant Test
Spring test
Nerve root- possible lower extremity neuro changes
Valsva- negative

Question 24

Dis Lesions problem include

Answer 24

1. ant/post change neuro changes
2. Lat/Uni Lat/ Ipsilateral neuro changes
3. Radiating Pain
4. Slow shuffling gait
5. ROM x 4 is limited hard to find a comfortable position
6. muscle guarding- FLAT BACK POSTURE