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Health And Anatomy > Notes #1 > Flashcards

Notes #1 Flashcards

0
Q

Physiology

A

Study of the function of the body and its parts

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1
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another

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2
Q

Regional

A

All structures in one part of the body

Abdomen or leg

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3
Q

Systemic

A

Gross anatomy of the body studied by system

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4
Q

Surface

A

Study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin

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5
Q

Cytology

A

The study of the cell

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6
Q

Histology

A

Study of the tissues

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7
Q

Embryology

A

Study of the developmental changes of the body before birth

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8
Q

Renal

A

Kidney function

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9
Q

Neurophysiology

A

Workings of the nervous system

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10
Q

Cardiovascular

A

Operation of the heart and blood vessels

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11
Q

Understanding physiology also requires knowledge of physics

A

Because of electrical currents, blood pressure, and movement

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12
Q

Chemical (1)

A

Atoms combined to form molecules

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13
Q

Cellular (2)

A

Cells are made of molecules and are the smallest units of all living things

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14
Q

Tissue (3)

A

Consists of similar types of cells

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15
Q

Organ (4)

A

Made up of two or more tissue types

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16
Q

Organ system (5)

A

Consists of different organs that work closely together

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17
Q

Organismal (6)

A

Made up of the organ systems

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18
Q

Integumentary system

A

Made of skin, sweat and oil glands, hair, and nails. Protects deep tissues from injury, helps regulate body temperature

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19
Q

Skeletal system

A

Made of bones, joints, cartilage, and ligaments. Protects and supports body organs. Provides framework for muscles to move. Stores minerals.

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20
Q

Hematopoiesis

A

Blood cell formation, in the skeletal system

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21
Q

Muscular system

A

Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression. Maintains posture and produces heat.

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22
Q

Muscles one function

A

To contract (shorten)

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23
Q

Nervous system

A

Made of brain, spinal column, nerves, and sensory receptors. The fastest acting control system. Responds by activating muscles and glands

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24
Q

Endocrine system

A

Glands produce hormones

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25
Q

What glands are in the endocrine system?

A
  • Pituitary
  • Thyroid
  • Parathyroid
  • Adrenal
  • Thymus
  • Pancreas
  • Pineal
  • Ovaries and Testes
26
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

Made of the heart and blood vessels. Heart pumps blood, which carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other things.

27
Q

Lymphatic System

A

Made of the tonsils, spleen, lymph nodes, and lymphatic vessels. Helps to cleanse the body and *houses white blood cells

28
Q

Respiratory system

A

Made up of the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. Keeps the blood supplied with oxygen; removes carbon dioxide

29
Q

Digestive system

A

Made of the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, and rectum. Breaks down food, eliminates indigestible foodstuffs

30
Q

Urinary system

A

Made of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. Eliminates nitrogenous wastes. Regulates water, electrolytes, and pH blood balance

31
Q

Survival needs

A 
Nutrients
Oxygen 
Water 
Ability to maintain a normal body temp
Atmospheric pressure
32
Q

Homeostasis

A

Ability to maintain a stable inner organ systems

33
Q

Superior

A

Toward the head

34
Q

Inferior

A

Away from the head

35
Q

Anterior

A

Toward the front of the body

36
Q

Posterior

A

Toward the back of the body

37
Q

Medial (regional)

A

Toward the midline

38
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline

39
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the origin (core)

40
Q

Distal

A

Farther from the origin (core)

41
Q

Superficial

A

Toward the body surface

42
Q

Deep

A

Away from the body surface

43
Q

Sagittal

A

Right parts of the body

44
Q

Medial (part)

A

Left parts of the body

45
Q

Mid-sagittal

A

Sagittal plane that lies on the midline

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46
Q

Frontal

A

Anterior part of the divided body

47
Q

Coronal

A

Posterior part of the divided body

48
Q

Transversal or horizontal

A

Divided the body into superior and inferior parts

49
Q

Oblique section

A

Cuts made diagonally

50
Q

Dorsal cavity

A

Protects the nervous system, and divided into the cranial and vertebral subdivisions

51
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Within the skull and encases the brain

52
Q

Vertebral cavity

A

Runs within the vertebral column and encases the spinal cord

53
Q

Ventral cavity

A

Houses the internal organs and is divided into thoracic and abdominopelvic subdivisions

54
Q

Thoracic cavity

A

Has the pleural, mediastinum, and pericardial cavities

55
Q

Pleural cavities

A

Houses each lung

56
Q

Mediastinum cavity

A

Contains the pericardial cavity and surrounds the remaining thoracic organs

57
Q

Pericardial cavity

A

Encloses the heart

58
Q

Abdominopelvic cavity

A

Made of the abdominal and pelvic cavities

59
Q

Abdominal cavity

A

Contains the stomach, intestines, spleen, liver, and other organs

60
Q

Pelvic cavity

A

Is within the pelvis and contains the bladder, rectum, and reproductive organs.

61
Q

Ossicles

A

Small bones in the middle ear that transmit sound vibrations

62
Q

Synovial

A

Joint cavities

Health And Anatomy (2 decks)

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