Nucleic Acids-Semi Conservative Replication

Question 1

What are the 2 reasons for DNA replication?

Answer 1

-Cell Division-Reproduction

Question 2

Why does DNA need to replicate for Cell Division?

Answer 2

New Cells need new DNA for growth and tissue repair.

Question 3

Why does DNA need to replicate for Reproduction?

Answer 3

Gametes requires DNA to pass on genetic information.

Question 4

What is the first step in semi-conservative replication?

Answer 4

Hydrogen bonds break

Question 5

What is the second step in semi- conservative replication?

Answer 5

The molecule is unzipped

Question 6

What is the third step in semi- conservative replication?

Answer 6

Free nucleotides join the unpaired bases

Question 7

What is the fourth step in semi- conservative replication?

Answer 7

Hydrogen Bonds forms between base pairs.

Question 8

What is the fifth step in semi- conservative replication?

Answer 8

Phosphodiester bonds form between nucleotides.

Question 9

Why is is called semi-conservative replication?

Answer 9

Half of the molecules is old DNA (template) and the other half is made of new molecules.

Question 10

What does DNA Helicase do?

Answer 10

Breaks hydrogen bonds and unzips the molecule.

Question 11

What does DNA Polymerase do?

Answer 11

Forms the phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides.

Question 12

Which direction does DNA Polymerase work?

Answer 12

5’ to 3’

Question 13

What does DNA Ligase do?

Answer 13

Joins two fragments of DNA to form a longer strand of DNA

Question 14

Which end is the strand unzipped from in Continuous Replication?

Answer 14

3’ end

Question 15

What is meant by continuous replication?

Answer 15

Can be continuously replicated as the strands unzips.

Question 16

What strand is on continuous replication?

Answer 16

Leading Strand

Question 17

Which end is the strand unzipped from in Discontinuous Replication?

Answer 17

5’ end

Question 18

What is meant by discontinuous replication?

Answer 18

DNA polymerase has to wait until a section of the strand has unzipped then work back along the strand.

Question 19

What are the sections called in which the DNA are produced in?

Answer 19

Okazaki Fragments

Question 20

What strand is on discontinuous replication?

Answer 20

Lagging Strand

Question 21

What are the two types of substitution mutations?

Answer 21

Transition and Transversion

Question 22

What is Transition Mutation?

Answer 22

Where one pyrimidine is swapped for a different pyrimidine or a purine for a purine.

Question 23

What is Transversion Mutation?

Answer 23

Where one pyrimidine is swapped for a purine or vice versa.

Question 24

What is Silent Mutation?

Answer 24

The triplet codes for the same amino acid.

Question 25

What is a Missense Mutation?

Answer 25

The triplet codes for a different amino acid.

Question 26

What is a Nonsense Mutation?

Answer 26

The triplet code for a stop codon.

Question 27

Insertion or Deletion are examples of…

Answer 27

Frameshift.

Question 28

If the mutation is closer to the beginning of the gene, how will it change the gene?

Answer 28

Be more altered if it is closer to the beginning.

Question 29

Where does Silent, Missense or Nonsense mutation occurs?

Answer 29

If substitution occurs in a region of the gene involved in coding.