Nutrition Flashcards
What is a balanced diet
Balanced diet- is a diet that contains all of the food groups in the correct amount. The groups are,
Carbohydrates proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and fibre
What is a deficiency disease
A deficiency diseases is a disease that occours as a result of not eating enough of a particular type of food
What are proteins used for
Growth and repair
lack of protein can lead to lack of growth
What are carbohydrates used for
to release energy
lack of carbohydrates meaning can feel tired
What are lipids and fats used for
To provide energy and to protect organs and for heat insulation
Lack of Fats can lead to tiredness too think
What are vitamins used for
Vitamin c- healthy skin
Vitamin A - good vision
Vitamin D - calcium absorbtion
What are Minerals used for
Keep foods moving through the gut by giving it something to squeeze on
Lack of minerals lead to constipation
What is water used for
to replace water which is lost in sweat and urine for chemical reactions digestion hydrolysis
Lack of water dehydration feeling tired as cells reactions slow down
What do energy requirements depend on
Activity levels- The more active a person is the more energy they need, so the more food they need
Age-children and teenagers need more energy than older people so more consumption of food is needed
Pregnancy- Pregnant women need more energy and therefore more food than other women for their baby to develop
What is the eating system
Ingestion- eating food
Digestion- is the break down of large insoluble molecules into small soluble molecules
Absorbtion-When the small soluble molecules move from the small intestine into the blood
Assimilation-When the small molecules move into cells and become part of them or are used up
Egestion-Passing out undigested food as faeces through the anus
Peristalsis- is when food is squashed through the gut by circular muscles which contract in wave
What is mechanical digestion
digestion by chewing
What is chemical digestion
digestion by enzymes
What is Amylase
Amylase is made in the salivary gland an released into the mouth made in pancreas and released into the small intestine. its substrate is starch and product is maltose
What is maltase
Maltase made and found in the small intestine its substrate is Maltose and product is glucose
What is protease
Protease is made in and released into the stomach made in the pancreas and released into the small intestine its substrate is protein and product amino acids
