Nutrition Define

Question 1

A biological catalyst that facilitates and speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms without being consumed in the process

Answer 1

Enzymes

Question 2

The process of breaking down complex food molecules into simpler forms that can be
absorbed and used by the body.

Answer 2

Digestion

Question 3

The uptake or assimilation of substances (such as nutrients) by cells or tissues.

Answer 3

absorption

Question 4

The set of chemical processes occurring within a living organism that maintain life,
including the breakdown of substances (catabolism) and the synthesis of new ones (anabolism)

Answer 4

metabolism

Question 5

A large biomolecule composed of amino acids that performs various functions in living
organisms, including structural support and enzymatic catalysis

Answer 5

protein

Question 6

Chemical messengers produced by glands in the endocrine system that regulate
physiological processes in the body, often by acting on target cells

Answer 6

Hormone

Question 7

A chemical bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms.

Answer 7

covalent bond

Question 8

A chemical bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another,
resulting in the formation of ions.

Answer 8

Ionic Bond

Question 9

The basic unit of a chemical element, consisting of a nucleus of protons and neutrons,
with electrons orbiting around the nucleus

Answer 9

atom

Question 10

A group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a
chemical compound.

Answer 10

molecule

Question 11

Relating to or involving the properties or behavior of substances, often in the context
of their composition, structure, properties, and reactions.

Answer 11

chemical

Question 12

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in various cellular processes,
particularly in the transfer of electrons during cellular respiration

Answer 12

NADH

Question 13

An enzyme that catalyzes the addition of a carboxyl group to a substrate.

Answer 13

Carboxylase

Question 14

An enzyme that catalyzes the removal of hydrogen atoms from a substrate.

Answer 14

Dehydrogenase

Question 15

Adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that carries energy within cells, serving as the primary
energy currency of the cell

Answer 15

ATP

Question 16

The organization and arrangement of components within a cell, including
organelles and the cell membrane.

Answer 16

Cell structure

Question 17

Deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the
development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms.

Answer 17

DNA

Question 18

Deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the
development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms.

Answer 18

RNA

Question 19

A functional group in organic chemistry characterized by a nitrogen atom bonded to
hydrogen atoms or other organic groups.

Answer 19

Anime

Question 20

A chemical reaction or process in which a compound is transformed into its
isomer, having the same molecular formula but a different arrangement of atoms

Answer 20

Isomerization

Question 21

A short chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Peptides are smaller than
proteins and play various roles in biological processes.

Answer 21

Peptide

Question 22

A short chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Peptides are smaller than
proteins and play various roles in biological processes.

Answer 22

Oxidized

Question 23

A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, ranging from 0 to 14, with 7 being
neutral, values below 7 indicating acidity, and values above 7 indicating alkalinity

Answer 23

pH

Question 25

Organic compounds that are hydrophobic (insoluble in water) and include fats, oils, and
phospholipids. Lipids serve as energy storage molecules and structural components of cell
membranes.

Answer 25

Lipids

Question 26

The simplest form of carbohydrate, consisting of a single sugar molecule.
Examples include glucose, fructose, and galactose.

Answer 26

Monosaccharide

Question 27

The simplest form of carbohydrate, consisting of a single sugar molecule.
Examples include glucose, fructose, and galactose.

Answer 27

Coenzyme

Question 28

A unit of energy commonly used to quantify the amount of energy provided by food. It
is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree
Celsius.

Answer 28

calorie

Question 29

A monosaccharide sugar and a primary source of energy for living organisms. It is a key
component in cellular respiration.

Answer 29

Glucose

Question 30

A polysaccharide that serves as a storage form of glucose in animals, particularly in
the liver and muscles.

Answer 30

Glycogen

Question 31

A hormone produced by the pancreas that raises blood glucose levels by promoting
the breakdown of glycogen into glucose in the liver.

Answer 31

Glucagon

Question 32

The metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, producing ATP and
NADH in the process. It is the initial stage of cellular respiration.

Answer 32

Glycolysis

Question 33

The process of synthesizing glycogen from glucose molecules, primarily occurring
in the liver and muscle cells.

Answer 33

Glycogenesis

Question 34

the breakdown of glycogen into glucose molecules, releasing glucose into the
bloodstream to raise blood sugar levels.

Answer 34

Glycogenolysis

Question 34

the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors, such as amino
acids or glycerol. It occurs mainly in the liver and kidneys during times of low blood glucose.

Answer 34

Gluconeogenesis: