nutrition (week 10)

Question 1

what are heterotrophs?

Answer 1

organisms that cannot produce their own food and must obtain organic compounds

Question 2

what are autotrophs?

Answer 2

organisms that have the ability to produce their own organic molecules

Question 3

what are the main group of nutrients?

Answer 3

1. water
2. biological macromolecules
3. vitamins
4. minerals

Question 4

list the biological macromolecules

Answer 4

• carbohydrates
• lipids
• protein
• nucleic acids

Question 5

what are the functions of carbohydrates?

Answer 5

• converted to ATP
• concerted into other molecules
• structural oligosaccharide on cell membrane

Question 6

what are the functions of lipids?

Answer 6

• convert to ATP
• store lipids
• thermoregulation
• cushion organs
• essential fatty acids (triglycerides)
• make up myelin

Question 7

what are the functions of proteins?

Answer 7

• convert to ATP
• essential amino acids
• animal protein
• plant protein

Question 8

vitamin A (fat soluble)

list one food source, function, and problem associated with deficiency

Answer 8

• deep green and orange vegetables and fruits
• maintenance of epithelial tissues
• skin disorders

Question 9

vitamin B12 (H2O soluble)

list one food source, function, and problem associated with deficiency

Answer 9

• meats
• maturation of RBCs
• anemia

Question 10

vitamin C (H2O soluble)

list one food source, function, and problem associated with deficiency

Answer 10

• citrus fruits
• collagen synthesis
• scurvy

Question 11

magnesium (major mineral)

list one food source, function, and problem associated with deficiency

Answer 11

• whole grains
• ATP bioenergetics
• nervous system disturbances

Question 12

zinc (trace mineral)

list one food source, function, and problem associated with deficiency

Answer 12

• meats
• component of certain digestive enzymes
• growth failure