O

Question 1

Psychoanalytic term referring to the person or part of a person that can satisfy an instinct or drive.

Answer 1

object

Question 2

reference to the work of Melanie Klein and others who have extended Freudian psychoanalysis with their emphasis on early relations to parents (objects) that influence later interpersonal relationships.

Answer 2

object relations theory

Question 3

All experiences of a person across the lifespan.

Answer 3

objective biography (McCrae and Costa)

Question 4

A method of rotating the axes in factor analysis that assumes some intercorrelation among primary factors.

Answer 4

oblique method

Question 5

A persistent or recurrent idea, usually involving an urge toward some action

Answer 5

obsession

Question 6

Term used by Freud to indicate the situation in which the child of either sex develops feelings of love and/or hostility for the parent. (ex. incestuous feelings of love for the mother and hostility toward the father)

Answer 6

Oedipus complex

Question 7

The eighth and final stage of the life cycle, marked by the psychosocial crisis of integrity versus despair and the basic strength of wisdom.

Answer 7

old age (Erikson)

Question 8

A type of learning in which reinforcement, which is contingent upon the occurrence of a particular response, increases the probability that the same response will occur again.

Answer 8

operant conditioning (Skinner)

Question 9

Skinner’s observation that an organism, as a consequence of its reinforcement history, learns to respond to some elements in the environment but not to others. It does not exist within the organism but is a function of environmental variables and the organism’s previous history of reinforcement.

Answer 9

operant discrimination

Question 10

The loss of an operantly conditioned response due to the systematic withholding of reinforcement.

Answer 10

operant extinction (Skinner)

Question 11

A definition of a concept in terms of observable events or behaviors that can be measured.

Answer 11

operational definition

Question 12

The earliest stage of the infantile period characterized by attempts to gain pleasure through the activity of the mouth, especially sucking, eating, and biting; corresponds roughly to the first 12 to 18 months of life.

Answer 12

oral phase (Freud)

Question 13

Erikson’s term for the infant’s first psychosexual mode of adapting.

Answer 13

oral-sensory

Question 14

The expression of a person’s underlying intentions or style of life through a diseased or dysfunctional bodily organ.

Answer 14

organ dialect (Adler)

Question 15

A more general term than self-concept; refers to the entire person, including those aspects of existence beyond awareness.

Answer 15

organismic self (Rogers)

Question 16

Process by which experiences are valued according to optimal enhancement of organism and self.

Answer 16

organismic valuing process (OVP)

Question 17

Kelly’s notion that people arrange their personal constructs in a hierarchical system.

Answer 17

organization corollary

Question 18

A method of rotating the axes in factor analysis that assumes the independence of primary factors.

Answer 18

orthogonal rotation