Oesophageal disorders Flashcards
1
Q
Where does the oesophagus start and end?
A
C6 and terminates at around T11-T12
2
Q
What nerve regulates the contraction and peristalsis of the oesophagus?
A
The vagus nerve
3
Q
What is achlaisa?
A
- Functional loss of myenteric plexus ganglion and failure of LOS to contract causing obstruction of oesophagus
4
Q
What are the symptoms of achalasia?
A
- Difficulty to swallow liquids and solids
- Weight loss
- Regurgitation and chest infection
5
Q
What is the gold standard investigation for achalasia?
A
- Oesophageal manometry, High pressure normally found at LOS
6
Q
What are the treatments of achalasia?
A
- Nitrates, CCB
- Balloon dilation
7
Q
What are the complications of achalaisa?
A
- Aspiration pneumonia
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8
Q
What is eosinophilic oseophagitis?
A
- Chronic immune/allergen condition relating to oesophageal dysfunction
- Eosinophilic infiltration of the oesphageal epithelium
9
Q
What is the presentation of eosinophilic oseophagitis?
A
- Dysphagia & Food bolus obstruction
10
Q
What is the treatment for eosinophilic oseophagitis?
A
- Swallowed corticosteroids
- Dietary elimination
- Endoscopic dilation
11
Q
What is barretts oesophagus?
A
- Change of the distal epithelium in oesophagus from squamous to columnar due to prolonged acid exposure
- Results in metaplasia
