Old content (10 mueller) Flashcards
Heart Failure
Cardiac Glycoside: Digoxin
Used for?
Adverse effects?
What can cause digoxin toxicity?
antidote?
Heart failure
AFIB
Yellow tint, halos, blurred vision
HYPOKALEMIA
Digibind ®- Digoxin specific Antibody Fab fragments
Acetaminophen
Used for?
Does not work for?
Boxed warning for what?
Antidote?
Contraindicated in?
single max dose?
Pain or fever
This is NOT an NSAID, does NOT work for inflammation
BOXED WARNING: HEPATOTOXICITY
ANTIDOTE: Acetylcysteine
Liver disease
Single Dose Max is 1000 mg!!!!
NSAIDs
Do not take what at the same time?
Aspirin (Salicylism) overdose symptoms?
**Do not take aspirin and ibuprofen at literal same time
-Tinnitus
-Respiratory alkalosis (rapid breathing)
NSAID
Aspirin adverse effects
A.S.P.I.R.I.N
Asthma
Salicylism poisoning (N/V/D, breathing)
Premature closure of ductus arteriosus/Platelet disaggregation/ Peptic Ulcer Disease
Intestinal bleeding
Reye Syndrome/Ringing in the ears/Renal Impairment/rapid breathing
Idiosyncratic Reaction
Noise (Tinnitus)/Nephropathy(kidneys)
Opioids
Morphine adverse effects?
Hold if?**
M.O.R.P.H.I.N.E.
NO ALCOHOL WITH OPIOIDS!!!
Miosis (constriction of the pupil)
Out of it (sedated)
Respiratory depression
Pruritus (common)
Hypotension (dizzy) & Head injury(avoid!)
Infrequency of urination and bowel movements (referring to urinary retention or constipation)
Nausea/Narcotics
Emesis
Hold if respiratory rate <12
O2 <90% and notify provider
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
· Cholinergic Crisis
SLUDGE (M) and the Killer B’s
Salivation/Secretions (mouth, GI tract, lungs)
Lacrimation (tear production)
Urination (voiding)
Defecation/Diarrhea
GI Motility and Gastric Acid production, can lead to abdominal cramping
Emesis (vomiting)
Miosis (pinpoint pupils, constrict)
Bradycardia
Bronchospasm
Bronchorrhea
blood pressure drop
Pyridostigmine
Used to treat?
antidote?
MYASTHENIA GRAVIS (important)
atropine
General Principles of Antibiotics
1) ALLERGIC REACTIONS
2) SUPER/SUPRA INFECTION (interchangeable terms)
3) ALWAYS FINISH THE ENTIRE THERAPY
4) ANTIBIOTICS CAN INTERACT WITH LOTS OF DRUGS
Glycopeptide: Vancomycin
Gram what?
Kills what? and what route?
ADVERSE EFFECTS- the Big Three!
How many grams per hour through IV?
Gram + only
Kills MRSA (IV only)
Kills C.diff (PO only)
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Histamine release/flushing syndrome
(“Red Man Syndrome”)
1 GRAM PER HOUR
Beta Lactams: Penicillin
Do not give penicillin if?
History of a BETA-LACTAM allergy (cross-reactivity)
-This means
penicillins
cephalosporins
carbapenems
monobactams (AZTREONAM)
Current infection with EBV (Mononucleosis)
What is used to treat acute otitis media?
amoxocillin,
amoxicillin with clavulanic acid
What is used to treat most surgeries?
prophylactic antibiotics: cefazolin
What is used to treat heart valves + dental procedures?
Amoxicillin
What is used to treat STD/STI, PNA?
ceftriaxone
