Oncology- Tumour immunity

Question 1

Tumour immunity

Answer 1

-neoplastic cells are abnormal and produce or express proteins that are not found on normal cells
>abnormally expressed proteins used diagnostically and therapeutically (there is a prostate specific antigen)
>sntibodies in theory can target these abnormal proteins

Question 2

Antineoplasm immune mechanisms

Answer 2

-innate immune response
-NK cells and macrophages (no need for antigen presenting cells)
-MHC molecule expression prevents killing of NK cells through apoptosis
-acquired immune response
>antigen presenting cells (MHC1=CD8 T cells, MHC2=CD4 helper T cells)

Question 3

Tumour immunotherapy

Answer 3

-monoclonal antibodies
-toxin coupled monoclonal antibodies
-tumour vaccination (vaccines against melanomas and papillomas)

Question 4

Tumour evasion of immune response

Answer 4

-Reduction of MHC 1 expression occurring with sarcoids (skin tumours of horses)
-Reduction of MHC2 expression- Receptor 3 (DL3)
-Production of transforming growth factor alpha which inhibits the proliferation and function of lymphocytes and macrophages
-Fas ligand production