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Module E > Operational Environment 2.0 > Flashcards

Operational Environment 2.0 Flashcards

1
Q

Define Hybrid Threat?

A

a diverse and dynamic combination of regular and irregular forces, terrorist forces, and criminal element or a combination of these forces of elements unified to achieve mutually benefitting threat effects

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2
Q

Define Threat?

A

any combination of actors, entities, or forces that have the capability and intent to harm the US forces and US national interests or the homeland. Could be: a enemy, adversary, neutral, friend or individuals, organized/ unorganized groups, military or paramilitary or national states or national alliances

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3
Q

What are operational variables?

A

Political Military Economic Social Information Infrastructure Physical Environment & Time (PMESII- PT)

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4
Q

Define Operational Variables?

A

The desribe not only the military aspects of the OE but also the populations influence on it

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5
Q

What are mission variables?

A

Mission Enemy Terrain and Weather Troops and support Time available Civil Considerations

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6
Q

Define mission variables?

A

army leaders using relevant information characterized by operational variables to refine their understanding of the situation. Focused on specific elements of environment that apply to their mission.

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7
Q

Define operational environment?

A

a composite of the conditions, circumstances, and influence that effect the employment of capabilities that bear on the decisions of the commander (before we deploy the OE needs to be understood)

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8
Q

What doe the OE encompass?

A

land, air, maritime, space, and cyberspace

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9
Q

What does MDMP stand for?

A

Military Decision Making Process

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10
Q

How many steps are in the MDMP?

A

7

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11
Q

Define MDMP?

A

An interitive planning methodology to understand the situation and mission, develop a COA, and produce an OPORD

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12
Q

Is the OE static?

A

No, it constantly evovles

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13
Q

Define the military variable (PMESII-PT)

A

explores military and para military capabilities of all relevant actors (friendly, enemy, neutral) in a given OE

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14
Q

Define the political variable (PMESII-PT)

A

describe the distribution of responsibility and power at all levels of goverance for many consistuted authorities, as well as informal or covert political powers

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15
Q

Define the economic variable (PMESII-PT)

A

encompass individual and group behaviors related to producing, distributing, and consuming resources

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16
Q

Define the social variable (PMESII-PT)

A

describes the cultural, religious, and ethnic makeup within an operational environment and the beliefs, values, customs, behaviors of society members

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17
Q

What are the challenges of the OE?

A

evloving threats, media, joint and multinational environment, geographical situation, technology systems, and health of command

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18
Q

The focus of Army training and equipping shifted from what?

A

defeating a peer threat to defeating two insurgancies and the global terrorist threat

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19
Q

Define collaborative training?

A

commanders and subordinate commanders sharing knowledge and concepts regardless of the physical location about the planning process

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20
Q

What is parallel planning?

A

two or more echelons planning for the same operation sharing info sequentially through WARNOs

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21
Q

What is the commanders role?

A

the most important part of the MDMP. it helps the commander understand the situation. make decisions, and sychronize those decisions into a fully developed plan or order

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22
Q

What are the steps of MDMP?

A 
Step 1: Receive the Mission
Step 2: Mission Analysis
Step 3: COA Development
Step 4: COA Analysis
Step 5: COA Comparison
Step 6: COA Approval
Step 7: Issue the Order (order dessmination)
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23
Q

What happens in Step 1 of MDMP?

A

Receive the mission

  • issued by higher HQ
  • S-3 issues a WARNO to staff alerting them of the planning process (6 steps of a WARNO included here)
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24
Q

What happens in Step 2 of MDMP?

A

Mission analysis

  • 5 W’s of the operation
  • the most important step of MDMP
  • No amount of planning can solve a problem if it’s insufficiently understood
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25
Q

How many substeps are in Mission Analysis (step 2 of MDMP)

A

18

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26
Q

What is Step 1 of mission analysis?

A

Analyze the plan from higher headquarters

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27
Q

What is Step 2 of mission analysis?

A

Perform initial IPB

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28
Q

What does IPB stand for?

A

Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield

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29
Q

Define IPB?

A

a systematic continuous proccess of analyzing the threat and OE in a specific geographical area

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30
Q

How many steps are in IPB?

A

4

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31
Q

What is Step 1 of IPB?

A

Define the OE: includes operational variables/ mission variables. Identifies for further analysis of specific features of the environment (or activities within in) and the physical space where they exist that may influence availible COAs for the commanders decision

32
Q

What is Step 2 of IPB?

A

Describe the environmental effects on operations: METT-TC

33
Q

What is Step 3 of IPB?

A

Evaluate the threat: understanding how the threat/ adversary affects friendly operations. Identifies enemy’s TBM/ ABT capabilities

34
Q

What is Step 4 of IPB?

A

Determine the threat of COAs: Identify and describe threat/ adversary COAs that can influence friendly operations
MLCOA= most likely coa
MDCOA= most dangerous coa

35
Q

What is included in the COA screening criteria?

A

Feasible- doable
Acceptable- is the benefit worth the cost
Suitible- appropriate
Disinguishable- not similar to another COA
Complete- no clear gaps

36
Q

What does suitable mean?

A

the COA can accomplish the mission within the commanders intent and planning guidence

37
Q

What does feasible mean?

A

can you accomplish the mission within the established time, space, resources, and limitations

38
Q

What does acceptable mean?

A

COA must be balanced with the cost with risk and with the advantage gained

39
Q

What does distinguishable mean?

A

each COA must differ slightly from each other

40
Q

What does complete mean?

A

account for everything needed for the mission accomplishment/ must incorperate how the decisive planning leads to mission accomplishment

41
Q

What is Step 3 of mission analysis?

A

Determine specified, implied, and essential tasks

42
Q

Define a specified task?

A

a task specifically assigned to a unit by higher headquarters

43
Q

Define an implied task?

A

a task that must be performed to accomplish the specified task or mission but is not stated in the higher headquarters order

44
Q

Define essential tasks?

A

a specified or implied task that must be executed to accomplish the mission (it’s always included in the mission statement)

45
Q

What is Step 4 of mission analysis?

A

Review available assests and Identify resources

46
Q

What is Step 5 of mission analysis?

A

Determine time constraints

47
Q

What is Step 6 of mission analysis?

A

Identify critical facts and assumption assessability

48
Q

What is Step 8 of mission analysis?

A

Develop CCIR and EEFI

49
Q

What does CCIR stand for?

A

Commanders Critical Information Requirement

50
Q

What does EEFI stand for?

A

Essential Element of Friendly Information

51
Q

What is Step 12 of mission analysis?

A

Develop a proposed problem statement

52
Q

What is Step 13 of mission analysis?

A

Develop a proposed mission statement

53
Q

What is Step 14 of mission analysis?

A

Present the mission analysis briefing: briefing the commanders intent (informing the commander the results of the staffs analysis of the situation)

54
Q

What is Step 17 of mission analysis?

A

Develop COA evaluation criteria: factors the commander and staff will later use to measure the relative effectiveness and efficiency of ONE COA

55
Q

What is Step 18 of mission analysis?

A

Issue a WARNO

56
Q

What is Step 3 of MDMP?

A

COA Development: a coa is a broad potential solution to an identified problem

57
Q

What are the first 4 steps of COA development?

A
  1. Assess the relative combat power
  2. Generate options
  3. Array forces
  4. Develop broad concepts
58
Q

What are steps 5-8 of COA development?

A
  1. Assign headquarters
  2. Develop COA statements and sketch
  3. Conduct a COA brief
  4. Select or modify COAs for continued analysis
59
Q

What are Decision Points?

A

points in space/time when the commander anticipates making a key decision concerning a COA

60
Q

What are Critical Events?

A

major events from the units current position through mission accomplishments

61
Q

What is Step 4 of MDMP?

A

COA Analysis: enables the commanders and staff to identify difficulties or coordinaiton problems and probable consequences of planned actions for each COA being considered

62
Q

What is Step 5 of MDMP?

A

COA Comparison: staff compares feasible COAs to identify one with the highest possibility of success against the most likely enemy COA

63
Q

What is Step 6 of MDMP?

A

COA Approval: putting the commanders intent into an OPORD/ the commander picks out the best COA

64
Q

What is Step 7 of MDMP?

A

Issue the Order and turn the COA into a CONOP

65
Q

What is the informaiton variable? (PMESII-PT)

A

describes the nature, scope, characterisitcs, effects of individuals, organizations, and systems that collect, possess, and desiminate or act on information

66
Q

What is the infrastructure variable? (PMESII-PT)

A

composed of basice facilities, services, and installations needed for the functioning of a community or society

67
Q

What is the physical envirionment variable? (PMESII-PT)

A

includes the geography of manmade structures, climate, and weather in the AO

68
Q

What is the time variable? (PMESII-PT)

A

describes the timing and duration of activities, events, conditions, and how timing and duration is percieved by various actors in the OE

69
Q

Describe the mission variable?(METT-TC)

A

always the first variable commanders consider while decision making/ contains 5 W’s of the operation

70
Q

Describe the enemy variable? (METT-TC)

A

dispositions (including organization, strength, location, and tactial mobility) doctrine, equipment, coabilities, vunerableities, and probable COA

71
Q

Describe the terrain and weather variable? (METT-TC)

A

commanders analyze terrain by using OAKOC: observation of fields of fire, avenues of approach, key and decisive terrain, obstacles, and cover and concealment

72
Q

Descrive troops and support available? (METT-TC)

A

number, type, capabilities, condition of available friendly troops and support. Includes supply services and support available from joint, host nation, and unified action partners

73
Q

Describe the time available variable? (METT-TC)

A

commanders assess time available for planning, preparing, and executing tasks and operations including time required to deploy

74
Q

Describe the civil considerations variable? (METT-TC)

A

an influence of manmade infrastructure, civilian institutions, and activities of the civilian leaders population within an AO
ASCOPE: area, structures, capabilities, organizations, people, events

75
Q

Define the area of interest?

A

an area of concern to the commander including the area of influence, areas adjacent, and extending into enemy territory

76
Q

Define the area of influence?

A

a geograhical area where a commander is directly capable of influencing operations by maneuver or fire support systems

77
Q

Define the area of operations?

A

an operational area defined by the joint forces commander for land and maritime forces that should be large enough to accomplish their mission and protect their forces

Module E (5 decks)

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