ophthalmic

Question 1

artificial tears

Answer 1

• preservative-free preferred when dosing more than 4x times per day or if dry eye condition is moderate to severe
• preservative is less expensive than preservative-free
• oxidative preservatives reported to be more tolerable than detergent preservatives

Question 2

lubricating ointments primary ingredients

Answer 2

white petrolatum, mineral oil, and/or lanolin

Question 3

lubricating ointments advantages

Answer 3

longer retention in the eye due to increased viscosity

Question 4

lubricating ointments disadvantages

Answer 4

mainly taken once at bedtime due to increased risk of blurry vision

Question 5

allergic conjunctivitis pharmacologic treatment

Answer 5

• artificial tears
• ophthalmic antihistamine/mast cell stabilizer
• ophthalmic decongestant/antihistamine
• oral antihistamine

Question 6

ophthalmic antihistamine/mast cell stabilizer MOA

Answer 6

• antihistamines block histamine receptors of the conjunctiva and eyelids and block pro inflammatory mast cell mediators
• Ketotifen Fumarate (3 years or older, BID)
• Olopatadine (2 years of age or older, once-BID pending formulation)

Question 7

ophthalmic decongestant/antihistamine