optholmic and dermatological agents

Question 1

pilocarpine

Answer 1

cholinergic drug miotic
pupil constriction
TE: surgical procedures
      reverse mydratics
SE: Blurred vision, nearsightedness, headache
      Decreased HR, diaphoresis

Question 2

betaxolol

timolol

Answer 2

beta adrenergic blocker
decreases aqueous humor production
SE: Localized pain, blurred vision, inflammation
decreases heart rate, bronchoconstriction

Question 3

brimonidine

Answer 3

sympathomimetics mydratic
Mimic norepinephrine and epinephrine
stimulate a and B receptors 
Decreases aqueous humor production
 Indi: surgical procedures
SE: Burning, pain, lacrimation, Increase HR dysrhythmias

Question 4

dorzolamide

acetazolamide

Answer 4

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
decreases production of aqueous humor
SE: blurred vision, acid base influence, electrolyte imbalance, (use with caution when using sulfa drugs

Question 5

lananoprost

Answer 5

prostagladins agonist agents
increase aqeous humor outflow
SE: Burninig, stinging, Blood shot eyes, permanent change in colored eyes to brown

Question 6

Erythromycin

Moxifloxacin

Answer 6

antimicrobials
SE: Localized inflammatory response
concurrent use with other agents may decrease effectiveness

Question 7

ketorolac ophthalmic
prednisolone ophthalmic
cyclosporine ophthalmic

Answer 7

anti-inflamatory
MOA: in arachidonic acid pathway. block phospholipase or arachidonic acid
INDI: injury, immunosuppressant activity can limit scarring
seasonal conjuctivitis
surgical trauma
Contra: minor abrassions may decrease resistance to infection
SE: Burning, stinging, steroid may induce cataracts, nerve damage incrase IOP

Question 8

olopatadine

Answer 8

antihistamin
competes for histamine receptors sites
Limits release of mediators from mast cells
Reduces itching, redness, tearing
give for allergies
SE: keratitis, localized burning, stinging

Question 9

fluorescein

Answer 9

for trauma
diagnostic dye used to identity defects and locate foreign objects in the eye. defects are highlighted in yellow or bright orange

Question 10

isotretinoin

Benzoyl peroxide

Answer 10

skin
Bactericidal activity against microbes. clears the skin
acne vulgaris: bacterial infection
Accutane: Cystic acne unresponsive to other agents
contra: pregnancy X iPLEDGE
I

Question 11

Permethrin

Answer 11

pediculusis /lice
sarcoptes scabeie
SE: skin rash, irritation
Lindane: CMS toxicity (dizzy, seizure), aplastic anemia
malathion; NVD, abdominal cramping, incontinence, miosis, bradycardia, increase secretions (nasal Lungs)

Question 12

mupirocin

Answer 12

KIlls MRSA in the nares