Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SF2_Exam3 > Oral Cavity > Flashcards

Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two parts of the mouth?

A

Vestibule

Oral Cavity (proper)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the Vestibule?

A

Slit like space between lips and teeth as well as between the cheek and the lips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the boundaries of the vestibule?

A

Laterally

Lips and Cheeks

Medially

Teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The oral cavity proper and the vestibule communicate throught what?

A

The retromolar space

When the jaw is wired shut, a feeding tube may be inserted into the oral cavity through this space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which muscles makes up the lips and cheeks, respectively.

A

The orbicularis oris (lips) and the buccinator (cheeks)

These muscles originate from the 2nd brachial arch. Innervated by the facial n.

In the image

Green = mucous membrane

Yellow = salivary glands (buccal and labial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The very thin part of the skin coveritng the lips is known as the?

A

Vermilion Border

This is a way to observe blood circulation. Blue lips indicate a lack of proper circulation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The muscle fibers of the bucinator originate from the __________ ________, run anterioly and blend with the orbularis oris.

A

pterygomandibular raphe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which three muscles come togather to form a large muscular spinchter around the entrance of the oral tube?

A

Superior pharyngeal constrictor

Buccinator

Orbicularis oris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

During chewing, food is kept between the occlusal surfaces (teeth) by which two structures?

A

buccinator and tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

If there is a lesion in CN VII, what occurs during chewing?

A

Food accumulates in the vestibule and may dribble out of the corner of the mouth.

Buccinator in non-functional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What gives babies/newborns “fat cheeks” and what purpose does it serve?

A

Buccal Fat pad

(outside of the buccinator)

1. Provides rigidity to the cheek which is important in suckling

2. Source of food and energy during starvation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Starvation, Anorexia nervosa, and chronic disease (such as cancer) can all have what characterisitc?

A

“Sunken Cheeks”

Buccal fat pad is broken down and utilize as a source of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

This structure enters into the vestibule opposite to the 2nd maxillary molar.

A

The Parotid Duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The Gingivae cover the alveolar bone surrounding the teeth. There are two types, what are they?

A

attached (true)

loose (free-alveolar mucosa)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which ligament holds attached gingivae in place?

A

Pariodontial ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Givivitis? and what are the two types?

A

it is inflammation of the gingivae

1. Chronic marginal gigivitis - chronic state of infection and inflammation

2. Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) - also known as trench mouth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How does Periodontial disease differetiate from gingivitis?

A

Infection now involves the alveolar bone and you get receding of the gums

This can lead to lost of a teeth “MAJOR CAUSE”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is enclosed in the yellow circle?

A

Oral Cavity Proper

Anterior and lateral boundaries are the teeth

Posterior boundary is the Palatoglossal Arch (fold)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the Palatoglossal Arch?

A

Seperates the oral cavity from oropharynx, the region of the gag reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

At which point in this image is the gag reflex initiated? Which cranial nerve is involved with the gag reflex?

A

Once you pass the linea terminalis CN IX initiates the gag reflex. This is also where the second phase of swallowinf occurs (oropharynx)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is A, B, and C and what are there functions?

(hard palate)

A

A. Rugae - longitudinal ridge so that when you bite it allows you to swallow

B. Incisive papilla - location where the nasal palatine nerve, artery, and vein enter the oral cavity

C. Median raphe - seperate hard palate into left and right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What forms the floor of the oral cavity proper?

A

Mylohyoid m.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the two spaces that are inferior to the mylohyoid?

A

The submandibular and submental spaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

This muscle seperates the sublingual from the submandibular and submental spaces?

A

The Mylohyoid

The sublingual is above the muscle and the other two are below the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Why is the mylohyoid line important during oral infections

A

It is the insertion of the mylohyoid muscle and allows the spread of infection (watershed) between the sublingual and the submandibular spaces.

Incisor teeth dont extend beyond the mylohyoid line (infection spreads to the sublingual space)

Roots of the molar teeth extend past the mylohyoid line (infection spreads into submandibular space)

26
Q

Bilateral infection in sublingual, submandibular, and submental spaces is known as?

A

Ludwig’s Angina

May resul in an embarrased airway that leads to asphyxiation and death

27
Q

What is so special about the floor of the mouth?

A

Excellent site for drug absorbtion

28
Q

Identify the parts of the floor of the mouth

A

A. Tongue

B. Lingual frenulum - from the tongue to the floor of the mouth

C. Sublingual papilla - where the submandibular duct releases saliva into the oral cavity

D. Sublingua ridge - sublingual gland sits below the ridge

29
Q

When the lingual frenulum is short, what is it called? How is this treated?

A

Ankyloglossia

(tongue tied)

Patient has difficult talking and stumbles over words. Tongue cant get pushed up to palate so it can become narrow.

Treatment: Frenulectomy (just cut it)

30
Q

A salivary stone is know as?

A

Sialolithiasis

Patient experience pain during eating. Swelling and tenderness of gland. Stone is in the sublingual papilla

31
Q

What are the contents of the floor of the mouth?

A

Salivary Glands

Sublingual gland (A) - underneath ridge

Submandibular duct (B) - terminate in teh subligual coruncle

Submandibular gland (deep part) (C)

Lingual Nerve

32
Q

What is the path of the lingual nerve?

A

Comes from the infratemporal fossa and goes to the tongue. While heading to the tongue it crosses over the submandibular duct

Provides general sensory informations, fibers from chorda tympani provide salivation and taste

33
Q

Another muscle in the floor of the mouth is the hyoglossus (square shape muscle). What is the relationship of the nerves, arteries, and ducts in relation to this muscle?

A

Lateral to the hyoglossus you have:

Lingual n. (1) - goes to the body of tongue

CN IX (2) - tonsilar bed. Goes to back of tongue

CN XII (3) - loop around the hyoid bone. Motor innervation to tongue musceles

Submandibular duct (4)

Medial to the Hyoglossus you have

Sublingual artery

34
Q

Where is the Submandibular ganglion located?

A

Underneath the lingual nerve at the crossing with the submandibular duct.

Parasympathetic, secremotor, visceromotor innervation to glands of the mouth

35
Q

The dorsum of the mouth has severeal structures. What are they?

A

A. Vallecula - filed with saliva. Where things get stuck before swallowed

B. Foramen Cecum - where thyroid gland develps. If it still exist, the thyroglossal duct will open here

C. Sulcus (linea) terminalis - separates the oral cavity from the oral pharynx

D. Circumvallate papillae (8-12) - taste budds.

E. Median Sulcus

36
Q

The Circumvallate papillae is innervated by which cranial nerve?

A

CN IX

37
Q

The root of the tongue (oropharynx/posterior 1/3) and the body of the tongue (oral cavity/anterior 2/3) are seperated by what?

A

Sulcus Terminal

38
Q

The body of the tongue (anterior 2/3) recieves sensory innervation which two nerves?

A

GSA (pain, temp, and touch) - CN V3

SVA (taste) - CN VII

39
Q

The root of the tongue (posterior 1/3) recieves sensory innervation from which two nerves?

A

SVA (taste) - CN IX

GSA (pain, temp, and touch) - CN IX

40
Q

The Epiglottis recieves sensory innervation from which nerves?

A

GSA (pain, temp, and touch) - CN X

SVA (taste) - CN X

41
Q

The GVA and SVA fibers run in the _______ ________ and terminate in the _______ __________.

A

Solitary tract

Solitary Nucleus

(image of open medula/solitary tract identified)

42
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue? (what’s the exception to the rule)

A

Genioglossus

Styloglossus

Hyoglossus

Exception: Palatoglossus is sometimes considered one even though it is really a muscle of the palate (also has a different innervation)

43
Q

The three main intrinsic muscles are innervated by what?

A

CN XII

44
Q

Genioglossus

A

Function: depresses (verticle fibers) and protrudes the tongue (horizantal fibers)

“Allows the tongue to stick out”

Origin: Superior Mental Spine (Right and left muscle attach here)

45
Q

Paralysis of the genioglossus muscle can cause what?

A

Tongue will fall into the back of the throat and produce choking

this is relieved by moving the mandible anterioly

46
Q

Styloglossus

A

Funciton: retracts and elevates the tongue

47
Q

Hyoglossus

A

Retracts and depresses the tongue

48
Q

There are four groups of intrinsic muscles for the tongue. They originate and insert in the tongue are volunatarily controlled. What are the 4 groups, innervation, and group function?

A

Verical group

transverse group

longitudinal superficial gorup

longitudinal deep group

CN XII

Change size and shape of the tongue

49
Q

Which is the only muscle of the tongue that is not innervated by CN XII? What is the actual inneration of this muscle?

A

The Palatoglossus muscle is the only muscle not innervated by CN XII. It is actually inntervated CN X.

50
Q

Paralysis of CN XII leads to what?

A

Deviation of the tongue toward the side of the lesion

Lower motor neuron lesion

will also see fasciculation and wasting on the affected side

51
Q

What are the major salivary glands of the oral cavity?

A

Parotid Gland

Sumbmandibular Gland

Sublingual gland

52
Q

Parotid Gland

A
  1. Secretes Serous fluids
  2. Secremotor innervation controlled by CN IX (lesser petrosal n.) - preganglionic fibers
  3. Parasympathetic fibers to otic ganglion
  4. post ganglionic fibers carried on the auriculotemporal nerve -> parotid gland

Located in a retromandibular position, between mandible and ear.

Largest

53
Q

Submandibular gland

A
  1. Secretion: serous (superficial) and mucous (deep)
  2. Parasympathetic fibers from CN VII (chorda tympani)
  3. Innervation: lingual nerve
  4. Sumandibular ganglion (Where preganglionic fibers from lingual nerve synapse). Post ganglionic fibers innervate submandibular and sublingual gland

Found in neck and floor of the mouth

54
Q

Sublingual Gland

A
  1. Secretion: mucous
  2. CN VII (chorda tympanin) - Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers
  3. Lingual n.
  4. Submandibular ganglion (where preganglionic fibers synapse)

Floor of mouth

55
Q

This is an image of?

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Note: precancerous leukoplakia

56
Q

Cancers in the tongues metastazie contalaterally, ipsilateral, or bilateral?

A

Bilaterally

Due to crossing of drainainge from the deep cervical nodes

57
Q

The root of the tongue is drained by?

A

Retropharyngeal lymph nodes

58
Q

The center of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue is drained by?

A

Deep cervical Lymph nodes

Cross (bilateral)

Also drain the mandibular teeth

59
Q

The lateral part of the anteriro 2/3 of the tongue is drained by?

A

Submandibular lymph nodes

also drains the palate, maxillary teeth, upper lip, vestibular gingivae, floor of mouth, cheek

60
Q

The tip of the tongue is drained by?

A

Submental lymph nodes

ipsilateral and bilateral/contralateral

61
Q

The tip of the chin, lower lip, anterior floor of the mouth and tip of the tongue from the central part of the lower 1/2 of the oral cavity are drained by?

A

Submental lymph nodes

SF2_Exam3 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions