Organ Systems - Circulatory and Immune Flashcards
What’s the role of circulatory system?
Transports nutrients, gases, and hormones and collects waste for secretion
Aids in defense by helping immune system with transportation
What’s are the components of circulatory system?
Heart
blood vessels
blood
What’s systematic circulation?
Oxygenated blood traveling from heart throughout the body and then returning as deoxygenated blood
What’s pulmonary circulation?
The deoxygenated blood traveling from heart to the lungs and getting oxygenated the returning back to heart
Right side of the heart?
Receives deoxygenated blood from body
Left side of heart:
receives the newly oxygenated blood in the left attrium
What prevents the blood from back flow?
Valves in the heart located between atrium and ventricle called atrioventricular
Right side: tricuspid valve
Left side: bicuspid valve
Valves between ventricle and vasculature called semilunar
Right: pulmonary valve
Left: Aortic valve
What’s the power source for the blood movement in heart?
Sinoatrial (SA) node that generates electric impulses
What helps with signal traveling and pumping of heart?
Atrioventricular node, HIS bundle and Purkinje fibers send the signal towards the bottom of heart and then it pumps from bottom up
How many oxygen molecules can hemoglobin carry?
It can carry four O2 molecules. So, single drop of blood carry about 540,000 trillion molecules of oxygen
Can blood be separated?
Blood can be separated into three layers;
plasma: water, proteins, nutrients and hormones
Buffy coat: white blood cells, platelets
Hemotocrit: Red blood cells
What’s macrophages?
Phagocytic cells that activate inflammatory system
What’s a pathogen?
Agent that causes infectious disease; bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, and prions
What are the two types of immunity?
Passive: Part of body that protects at all times. Eg. skin
Active: Response to an antigen i.e. foreign particle
Innate: recognizes things that are not suppose to be around such as smoke or dust
Adaptive: It takes time to respond but is more effective
What are the two types of cells in adaptive immunity?
B cells: matured in bone marrow and produce antibodies. Kill antigens or ask others for help
T cells: matured in thymus and kill antigens directly (killed T cells) or ask B cells to join fight (Helper T cells)
