Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AQA GCSE Chem!! > Organic Chem: Hydrocarbons > Flashcards

Organic Chem: Hydrocarbons Flashcards

1
Q

What do hydrocarbons contain?

A

ONLY contain hydrogen and carbon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a hydrocarbon?

A

any compound that is formed from carbon and hydrogen atoms only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why is CH3COOC3H7 (ester) not a hydrocarbon?

A

because it contains oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why is C10H22 (decane, an alkane) a hydrocarbon?

A

because it only contains carbon and hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are alkanes?

A

simplest type of hydrocarbon you can get. They are saturated compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What bond do alkanes have?

A

C-C single bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the general formula for alkanes?

A

CnH2n+2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are alkanes a part of?

A

the homologous series

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the homologous series?

A

a group of organic compounds that react in a similar way

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why are alkanes saturated compounds?

A

each carbon atom forms four single covalent bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the first 4 alkanes?

A

methane, ethane, propane, butane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the formula for methane?

A

CH4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the formula for ethane?

A

C2H6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the formula for propane?

A

C3H8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the formula butane?

A

C4H10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What happens as the length of the carbon chain changes?

A

the properties of the hydrocarbon change

17
Q

How does the length of the hydrocarbon chain affect viscosity?

A

the more runny the hydrocarbon is (the less viscous (gloopy) it is)

18
Q

How does the length of the hydrocarbon chain affect volatility?

A

the shorter the carbon chain, the more volatile the hydrocarbon is

19
Q

What does “more volatile” mean?

A

it turns into a gas at a lower temperature

20
Q

The shorter the carbon chain… (volatility)

A

the lower the temperature at which that hydrocarbon vaporises or condenses - and the lower its boiling point (more volatile)

21
Q

How does the length of the hydrocarbon chain affect flammability?

A

the shorter the carbon chain, the more flammable the hydrocarbon is

22
Q

What is an example of how the properties of the hydrocarbons affect how they’re used for fuels?

A

short chain hydrocarbons with lower boiling points are used as ‘bottled gases’ - stored under pressure as liquids in bottles

23
Q

When does complete combustion occur?

A

when there’s plenty of oxygen

24
Q

What does the complete combustion of any hydrocarbon release?

A

lots of energy. The only waste products are CO2 and water vapour

25
Q

What is the equation for the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon?

A

hydrocarbon + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water (+energy)

26
Q

What happens during complete combustion?

A

both carbon and hydrogen from the hydrocarbon are oxidised

27
Q

What can oxidation be defined as?

A

the gain of oxygen

28
Q

Why are hydrocarbons used as fuels?

A

due to the amount of energy released when they combust completely

AQA GCSE Chem!! (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions