Organic Definitions

Question 1

Addition reaction

Answer 1

•Reaction where a molecule joins to an unsaturated molecule to produce a saturated molecule.

Question 2

Aliphatic

Answer 2

•Organic compounds containing C chains.

Question 3

Aromatic

Answer 3

•Organic compounds containing one or more benzene ring(s).

Question 4

Carbocation

Answer 4

•A positive ion with the positive charge on a C atom.

Question 5

Cyclic

Answer 5

•Organic compounds containing C rings (not aromatic rings) also called alicyclic.

Question 6

Dehydration

Answer 6

•Elimination of water.

Question 7

Dehydrogenation

Answer 7

•Elimination of hydrogen.

Question 8

Electrophile

Answer 8

•Lone pair acceptor.

Question 9

Elimination reaction

Answer 9

•Reaction where a molecule is lost from a saturated molecule to form an unsaturated molecule.

Question 10

Free radical

Answer 10

•Species with an unpaired electron.

Question 11

Functional group

Answer 11

•The atom or group of atoms that is responsible for most of the chemical reactions of a molecule.

Question 12

Homologous series

Answer 12

•A family of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties. In a series, each member differs by the addition of a -CH2 group and there is a gradual change in physical properties.

Question 13

Hydration

Answer 13

•Addition of water.

Question 14

Hydrocarbon

Answer 14

•Molecule containing hydrogen and carbon only.

Question 15

Hydrogenation

Answer 15

•Addition of hydrogen.

Question 16

Hydrolysis

Answer 16

•A reaction involving the breaking of bonds due to reaction with water.

Question 17

Organic chemistry

Answer 17

•Study of compounds containing carbon.

Question 18

Saturated

Answer 18

•Molecule containing no double bonds.

Question 19

Stereoisomers

Answer 19

•Molecule with the same molecular and structural formulae but a different spatial arrangement of atoms.

Question 20

Geometric isomers

Answer 20

•Type of stereoisomerism: molecules which have different arrangement of groups around C=C.

Question 21

Optical isomers

Answer 21

•Type of stereoisomerism: molecules which are non-superimposable mirror images.

Question 22

Structural isomers

Answer 22

•Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures.

Question 23

Chain isomers

Answer 23

•Type of structural isomerism: structural isomers that differ by having a different carbon chain.

Question 24

Position isomers

Answer 24

•Type of structural isomerism: structural isomers that differ by having the functional group in a different position.

Question 25

Functional group isomers

Answer 25

•Type of structural isomerism: structural isomers that differ by having a different functional group.

Question 26

Substitution reaction

Answer 26

•Reaction where an atom/group replaces another atom/group.

Question 27

Unsaturated

Answer 27

•Molecule containing double bond(s).

Question 28

Nucleophile

Answer 28

•Lone pair donor.