origins in psychology

Question 1

give 5 facts about wihelm wundt

Answer 1

• first person calls himself a psychologist
• published a book in psychology about principles of psychology
  -opened the first psychology labatory in Germany
  -founding father psychology
  -helped pave the way of scientific psychology

Question 2

what was wudnts aim in his study

Answer 2

his aim was to study the structure of the human mind he did this by breaking down behaviour by sensation and perception he did this by structuralism and a technique of introspection

Question 3

structuralism

Answer 3

breaking down the behaviours in their basic element

Question 4

introspection

Answer 4

person gains knowledge about their own mental state

Question 5

what was wundts claim with introspection

Answer 5

his claim with sufficent training is that memory could be studied systematically as they use introspection

Question 6

wundts contribution to the emergence of psychology as a science

Answer 6

he established psychology as a science using the scientific method known as empiricism

Question 7

true or false empirical method was applied to wundt studys

Answer 7

true

Question 8

empiricism

Answer 8

believed knowledge is deprieved from a sensory experience it is characterised by the use of the scientific method in psychology

Question 9

scientific method

Answer 9

it refers to the use of methods that are objective, systematic and replicable

Question 10

objective

Answer 10

dont let bias or idea influence data

Question 11

systematic

Answer 11

observations of experiments are carried out in an orderly way

Question 12

replicable

Answer 12

observations repeated by other researches

Question 13

evaluation- wundts method was unreliable

Answer 13

-behaviourists said his structuralist approach relied on non observable responses
-wuntds approach required pps to report on their conscious experience which are unobservable

Question 14

what part of wundts method was shown to be unreliable

Answer 14

-processes like memory and perception are impossible to observe
-shows wundts approach lacks reliability as his results have not been reproduced by others

Question 15

evaluation- introspection is not accurate claimed by nisbett and wilson

Answer 15

-Nisbett and wilson claim is that we have little knowledge on introspection and the process that underlines our behaviour
-they found that pps were unaware of factors that influenced are choices

Question 16

what problem is shown in regards to the inaccuracy of introspection claimed by nisbett and wilson

Answer 16

-This problem is shown in the study of attitudes or steryotypes
-e.g a person may be implicity racist which influences their reactions to other ethnic groups

Question 17

despite introspection falling out of favour as a research tool it hasnt been abandoned– evaluation hunter {2003] supports that introspection is still useful in scientific psyhology

Answer 17

hunter used introspective methods as a way of making happiness a measurable phenomenon
-they gave a group of teens beepers that went off at random times of the day
-pps would write their thoughts and feelings in that moment before the beep

Question 18

what did hunter find about his research on teens to do with introspection

Answer 18

overall, most teens were unhappy but hunter found that when their energy levels were focused on a challenging task , they tended to be more upbeat

Question 19

strengths of the scientific approach

Answer 19

• able to establish the causes of behaviour through the use of emericism and replicable
  -if theories dont fit the fact it can be refined meaning its self corrective
  -its more accurate due to the reliance on objective and systematic methods

Question 20

limitations of scientific approach

Answer 20

• lacks ecological validity
  -tells us little about how people act in a natural environment
  -its unobservable so can be biased