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From Flashcardlet > Orthopedic Assesment > Flashcards

Orthopedic Assesment Flashcards

0
Q

characteristic of peripheral nerve px

A

sharp local px

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1
Q

Characteristic of Nerve Root Px

A

sharp radiating

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2
Q

characteristic of muscular px

A

dull aching px

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3
Q

characteristic of vascular px

A

throbbing px

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4
Q

characteristic of bone px

A

deep nagging px

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5
Q

characteristic of a possible fracture

A

severe nauseating px

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6
Q

4 C’s of Inspection

A

Color
Contour
Correct Alignment
Compensatory Movement

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7
Q

4 T’s of Palpation

A

Temp
Texture
Tone
Tenderness

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8
Q

AROM

A

Active Range of Motion, when the patient moves their joint in all ranges of motion of that joint.
Used to asses ROM & associated px, take not of % limitations & any px that occurs (location and characteristics)

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9
Q

PROM

A

Passive Range of Motion- the practitioner takes the patient through the ROM for the joint the patient just did on there own, taking not of % limitations & any associated px

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10
Q

MMT

A

Manual Muscle Test, used to asses muscle strength & associated px with muscular movements. Position the patient and say “don’t let me move you” as you asses them on a 5/5 scale.

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11
Q

MMT Grading Scale

A

5/5= Normal, complete ROM against gravity w/ full resistance
4/5= Good, complete ROM against gravity that gradually gives in to full resistance
3/5=Fair, complete ROM only against gravity
2/5=Poor, complete ROM w/ gravity eliminated
1/5= Trace, no joint movement w/ evidence of slight contractility
0/5=Zero, no movement, no contractility

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12
Q

Normal ROM for Cervical Spine

A

Flexion: 45
Extension: 55

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13
Q

Normal Range of Motion Shoulder

A

Abduction: 180
Adduction: 50
Internal/External Rotation: 90
Extension: 50

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14
Q

Normal ROM for Elbow

A

Flexion: 140
Extension: 10
Pronation: 90

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15
Q

Normal ROM for the Wrist

A

Flexion: 60

Ulnar Deviation: 30

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16
Q

Normal ROM for Lumbar Spine

A

Flexion: 75
Extension: 30
Lateral Side Bending: 35

17
Q

Normal ROM for Knee

A

Flexion: 150
Internal Rotation: 25
External Rotation: 35

18
Q

Normal ROM for the Hip

A

Flexion: 100
Extension: 30
Abduction: 40
External Rotation: 50

19
Q

During MMT Deltoid is supplied by

A

C5

20
Q

During MMT Tricep is supplied by

A

C7

21
Q

During MMT hamstring is supplied by

A

L5-S2

22
Q

Hip Flexion is supplied by

A

L1-L2

23
Q

Toe extension is supplied by

A

L4

24
Q

Yergonson’s Test

A

Assessment for Tenosynovitis or Involvement of Transverse Humeral Ligament
Hold flexed elbow and wrist, external rotate arm and extend elbow as patient resists, palpate the biceps tendon for instability

25
Q

Apprehension Test

A

Assessment for Anterior Shoulder Dislocation Trauma & Posterior Dislocation of Humerus
patient shoulder is abducts and externally rotated, if patient apprehends or alarms & resists further motion test is positive (anterior shoulder dislocation); while lying supine shoulder is flexed & internally rotated, posterior force is applied on elbow (posterior shoulder dislocation)

26
Q

Adson’s Test

A

Neurovascular test for Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Patient is seated, locate radial pulse, patients head rotated to face test shoulder and extends head while examiner laterally rotates & extends patients shoulder, patient takes deep breath for 10 seconds. Disappearance of pulse &/or numbness/tingling is abnormal, test is positive

27
Q

Compression Test

A

Neurological test, narrowing of neural foramen, pressure on facet joints or muscle spasms can cause px upon compression & relief w/ distraction.
patient lays supine, support patient’s head and carefully & gradually press down upon top of head, towards feet, look for increased px in cervical spine, distraction test-carefully & gradually lift head and look for decrease of px

28
Q

Chvostek test

A

indicative of low blood calcium, involuntary spasm of facial muscles produced by tapping over the facial nerve near its foraminal exit

29
Q

Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow) Test

A
  • support patient’s flexed elbow and extended wrist, patient tries to keep extended while you try to flex it, px @ lateral epicondyle is positive tst*
  • place patient hand pronated on table, resist 3rd digit extension, asses for px in lateral epicondyle*
30
Q

What is responsible for elbow flexion, wrist extension & the dermatome on lateral aspect of forearm?

A

C6

31
Q

what is responsible fore the Patellar Reflex

A

L4

32
Q

what innervates the Achilles’ tendon?

A

S1

33
Q

Grading of Deep Tendon Reflexes

A 
0-4(+)
0=No response
1=diminished response
2=Normal
3=Brisker than average
4=hyperactive
34
Q

Difference in muscle responses between upper motor neuron lesions and lower motor neuron lesions

A

Upper= muscle tone is spastic, superficial reflexes absent, clonus present, deep tendon reflexes are hyperactive, slight to no loss of muscle mass, positive Babinski test (toe up)

Lower= muscle atrophy, muscle contracture (fibers, groups of fibers, shortened paralyzed muscles), negative Babinski test (toe down), deep tendon reflexes decrease, muscles are flacid

35
Q

what innervates the dorsum of the foot, but is not associated with any deep tendon reflexes

A

L5

36
Q

what is a positive Babinski test?

A

extension of the big toe

37
Q

what is PROM mainly used for?

A

Joints & bones

38
Q

how do you asses the normal span of the mouth

A

fingers

39
Q

how does rheumatoid arthritis manifest?

A

poly arthropathy & inflammation

40
Q

Kyphosis

A

flexion deformity found in the thoracic and sacrum

41
Q

lordosis

A

is also called swayback, is an extension deviation, commonly found in the lumbar area

From Flashcardlet (7 decks)

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