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Physics > P10 - motion > Flashcards

P10 - motion Flashcards

1
Q

What is newtons first law

A

If the resultant force on a stationary object is zero the object will remain stationary. If the resultant force on a moving object is zero it will carry on moving at a constant velocity.

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2
Q

Newton’s second law

A

F = ma
Force = mass x acceleration

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3
Q

What is newtons third law

A

When two object interact the forces they exert on each other are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.

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4
Q

What is inertia

A

The tendency of an object to stay at rest or to continue in uniform motion (constant velocity)

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5
Q

What is the inertial force of an object

A

It is a measure of how difficult it is to change the objects velocity

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6
Q

How do you calculate weight

A

W = mg
Weight = mass x gravity

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7
Q

How does air resistance change

A

Depending on the speed, the faster we go the more air resistance there is

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8
Q

Terminal velocity is blank = blank

A

Weight = drag
Example: parachute jump

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9
Q

What does braking speed depend on

A

The car’s speed when brakes are applied and the mass of the car

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10
Q

If an object drops what happens

A

It falls because of weight
If no other forces act on it the resultant force is its weight
It accelerates downwards at 9.8m/s squared
This is acceleration due to gravity

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11
Q

Typical speed of walking

A

1.5

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12
Q

Typical speed of running

A

3

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13
Q

Typical speed of cycling

A

6

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14
Q

Typical speed of car

A

10.30

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15
Q

Typical speed of train

A

50

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16
Q

Typical speed if aeroplane

A

250

17
Q

Typical speed of sound

A

340

18
Q

What is the stopping distance (not equation)

A

The distance a vehicle can safely stop in

19
Q

Stopping distance equation

A

Thinking distance + braking distance

20
Q

What factor effect thinking distance

A

Alcohol, distractions e.g. phone, tiredness reaction speed, age, speed of travel, visibility

21
Q

What factors effect braking distance

A

Condition of road, condition of brakes and tires, mass of car, speed of travel

22
Q

Does distraction effect reaction time

A

Yes it slows their reaction time

23
Q

What is elastic deformation

A

When an object goes back to their original shape after being squashed like an elastic band or squash ball

24
Q

What is extension

A

Difference between the length of the object and its original length

25
Q

Is the extension of a spring directly proportions to the force applied to it

A

Yes as long as the limit of proportionality is not exceeded, they’re relationship is linear

26
Q

What happens past the limit of proportionality

A

The extension of a spring is no longer proportional to the applied force and the relationship becomes non linear

27
Q

Hooke’s law equation

A

Force applied (Newtons) = spring constant x extension

28
Q

Momentum equation

A

P = mv
Momentum = mass x velocity

29
Q

How does a seat belt protect a passenger

A

Stops person moving forward suddenly
Spreads force across chest
Without it person would hit head on windscreen

30
Q

When is momentum conserved and what is the equation

A

In both collisions and explosions and this means that:
Total momentum before event = total momentum after event

31
Q

How does an air bag protect you

A

Slows you down gradually
Increase impact time
Spreads force across upper body
Stops you hitting hard surface

32
Q

How does crumple zone protect you

A

On back and front of car
Side impact panels of car crumple on impact
Decrease force produced by the change in momentum
Increase impact time

33
Q

Force and change in momentum equation

A

Force = change in momentum/time

34
Q

How does time effect force of impact

A

Larger time for collision will result in a lower force of impact

Physics (12 decks)

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