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Physics > P3: Electricity > Flashcards

P3: Electricity Flashcards

1
Q

What may happen when you rub two insulators together?

A

Electrons can be transferred from one to the other. One object ends up with extra electrons making it negatively charged, the other positively charged.

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2
Q

Only _________ can be transferred

A

Electrons

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3
Q

Rubbing a rod with a cloth will make…

A

The rod has more protons than electrons: rod becomes + charge
The cloth has more electrons now: cloth becomes - charge

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4
Q

Opposite Charges ______

A

Attract

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5
Q

Like charges _______

A

Repel

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6
Q

When an object is comected to a piece of metal…

A

The charges can flow and the object becomes discharged

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7
Q

What else can discharge objects?

A

Sparks: spark is a flow of current through the air

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8
Q

There is a ________ around a charged object of particle

A

Electric field… placing another charged object within this field means that object will be attracted/repelled

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9
Q

The closer together the field lines…..

A

The stronger the field is

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10
Q

Define current

A

Rate of flow of charged particles (electrons)

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11
Q

To make current flow, what do you need?

A

Cell, battery or power supply as well as a complete circuit

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12
Q

How is the current in a single closed loop?

A

The same throughout no matter where you place the ammeter

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13
Q

What happens in conventional current?

A

Current flows from positive terminal to negative terminal: opposite of electron flow

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14
Q

Charge is measured in…..

A

Coloumbs (C)

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15
Q

Current is measured in….

A

Amperes or Amps (A)

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16
Q

Small currents are measured in ….

A

Milliamps (mA)

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17
Q

Potential differenceis required for current to flow in a circuit. What is it caused by?

A

The seperation of charges inside a cell/battery. Makes one side positively charged, one side negatively

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18
Q

Does the positive or negative terminal have a higher electrical potential?

A

Positive terminal

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19
Q

What is potential difference measured in?

A

Volts (V) with a voltmeter

20
Q

The positive terminal on a cell has the ___________ line

A

Longer

21
Q

The negative terminal on a cell has the ___________ line

A

Shorter

22
Q

What happens when potential difference is applied?

A

An electrical field is set up inside the wire

23
Q

Current is measured using…

A

An ammeter

24
Q

In a series circuit, the current…

A

Is the same everywhere

25
Q

Voltmeters measure the…

A

Potential difference across a component

26
Q

A voltmeter measures….

A

The rise in potential across a bettery/cell

27
Q

Define potential difference

A

Measure of energy, transferred between 2 points in a circuit

28
Q

Resistance is measured in ….

A

Ohms

29
Q

Why would a thinner wire have greater resistance than a thicker wire?

A

As there is a greater chance for the delocalised electrons colliding with the positive metal ions (same for a longer wire)

30
Q

Variable resistors can be used to…

A

Change the amount of wire the current flows through

31
Q

What is a characteristic graph?

A

A graph of current against potential difference

32
Q

What essentially happens in static electricity?

A

When we have static electricity, we have an object that isn’t normally being charged becoming charged. When 2 insulators rub together

33
Q

Charge formula

A

Q = I X t
Charge = current x time

34
Q

What is charge measured in

A

Charge is measured in coloumbs (C)

35
Q

Where does an ammeter need to be in a series circuit?

A

Need to be on a right angle to component

36
Q

Where does an voltmeter need to be in a series circuit?

A

Parallel to the component

37
Q

Define Charge

A

Value of electricity flowing in a circuit

38
Q

Define Current

A

The flow of electrons

39
Q

Define potential difference

A

What pshes the current around

40
Q

Define resistance

A

Anything that slows down the current

41
Q

What is resistance measured in?

A

Ohms

42
Q

What can you expect to see in an amps and potential difference graph?

A

The resistor (at a constant temperature) will be directly proportional to each other

43
Q

Describe the temperature-resistance relationship

A

As the temperature increases, the reistance increases

44
Q

What are the uses of LDRs?

A

Street lights, security lights

45
Q

What cn we think of current as?

A

Electrons moving around a circuit

46
Q

Resistance in a parallel circit formula

A

1/r1 + 1/r2

Physics (7 decks)

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