Package Management

Question 1

What does RPM stand for?

Answer 1

redhat package manager – source of all packages

Question 2

How can you list all the packages installed on your system using the rpm command on the CLI?

Answer 2

rpm -qa (q for query, a for all)

Question 3

How do you count the total number of packages available in the system?

Answer 3

rpm -qa | wc -l

Question 4

What command can you use to check whether httpd is installed on your system using the rpm utility?

Answer 4

rpm -qa | grep httpd or rpm -qa httpd

Question 5

What is the command to install a package using the rpm utility?

Answer 5

rpm -ivh <package
name/path>

Question 6

How can you upgrade a package using the rpm utility?

Answer 6

rpm -Uvh <package name>

Question 7

How do you remove a package using the rpm command?

Answer 7

rpm -e <package name> (e for
erase)

Question 8

What method can you use to determine which package a particular file belongs to?

Answer 8

rpm -qf <file path/name>

Question 9

How do you list the contents of an rpm package?

Answer 9

rpm -ql <package name>

Question 10

Where is the rpm database stored?

Answer 10

/var/lib/rpm

Question 11

What advantages does yum have over rpm?

Answer 11

yum – resolves dependencies, do not have to give full path of package

Question 12

What are the drawbacks of using yum?

Answer 12

yum has a larger cache, system should be on network, yum depends on rpm, repository dependency, yum is limited to rpm packages, internet and repository dependency

Question 13

How can you download an rpm package using the yum utility?

Answer 13

yumdownloader
<package name>

Question 14

What is the procedure for installing a package using the yum utility?

Answer 14

yum install
<package name>

Question 15

How do you update and remove packages using the yum utility?

Answer 15

yum remove
<package name> yum update <package name>

Question 16

Which directory contains the YUM repositories?

Answer 16

/etc/yum.repos.d/

Question 17

What is the configuration file of yum called?

Answer 17

/etc/yum.conf

Question 18

How can you list all repositories using the yum command?

Answer 18

yum repolist all

Question 19

Where are the yum logs stored?

Answer 19

/var/log/yum.log

Question 20

How can you update your system with a single command?

Answer 20

yum update

Question 21

Share your insights on system hardening. How have you implemented system hardening within your environment?

Answer 21

patching – updating the system , minimum services active. keep minimum ports open. assign sudo access to regular users. establish passwordless access/keys to users. implement strong password. implement dual authentication. set password expiry. (/etc/login.defs – password expiry info and details, e.g number of days after which password will expire.)