Paediatric Resp Infections

Question 1

<4yo widespread wheeze and crackles

Increased WOB

Answer 1

Viral induced wheeze

Question 2

<1yo
Coryzal symptoms 
dry cough and increased WOB
Recurrent apnoea
Fine expiratory crackles

Answer 2

Bronchiolitis

Question 3

<6yo
Barking cough 
Hoarseness 
Stridor 
Symptoms worse at night

Answer 3

Croup

Question 4

Child drooling sat upright mouth open
Soft stridor
Acute onset of fever and respiratory difficulty
No cough

Answer 4

Epiglottis if no Hib vaccine

Question 5

Treatment for croup

Answer 5

Steroids- oral dexamethasone
Oral pred or men budesonide

New adrenaline and oxygen
May need anaesthetist and ENT

Question 6

Treatment for acute epiglottitis

Answer 6

Urgent admission 
Call ent and anaesthetist 
Secure airway 
Then start iv antibiotics - cefuroxime 
Prophylaxis with rifampicin to household contacts

Question 7

Treatment for viral induced wheeze

Answer 7

Supportive
Oxygen
Neb salbutamol- bring down to 4 hourly before home

Question 8

Treatment for bronchiolitis

Answer 8

Oxygen via nasal cannula

May need NG tube

Question 9

Fever 
Difficulty breathing 
Focal crackles 
Bronchial breathing
Poor feeding

Answer 9

Pneumonia

Question 10

Treatment of pneumonia

Answer 10

Oxygen
Antibiotics:
New born = broad spec iv benzylpenicillin gentamicin
<5yo oral amoxicillin maybe add co-amoxiclav if viral and bac
>5 yo oral amoxicillin or azythromycin

Question 11

High fever
Toxic child
Barking cough
rapid progressive airway obstruction

Answer 11

Bacterial tracheitis