Page 1 Flashcards
Temperature
A measure of kinetic energy
Endothermic
A process that absorbs heat energy (+🔺H)
Exothermic
A process that releases heat energy (-🔺H)
Kinetic energy
Energy of motion
Potential energy
Energy of position, spacing between particles of matter; due to attractive forces between particles of matter
Covalent bond
The sharing of electrons between two overlapping orbitals
Ionic bond
The attraction between oppositely charged ions
Polar covalent bond
The unequal sharing of electrons creates partial charges
VSEPR
Valence shell electron pair repulsion theory predicts the geometry/shape of covalently bonded molecules
Intermolecular force
Forces that hold particles of matter together in their physical state
Intramolecular force
Forces that hold atoms and ions together in molecules and compounds
Valence electron
Electrons occupying the outer energy level, and electrons in unfilled “d” orbitals
Ionization energy
Energy required to remove the most loosely held electron (a valence electron)
Electronegativity
A measure of the ability of an atom in a compound to attract an electron
Electron affinity
The amount of energy liberated when a neutral atom acquires an electron
