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A. Question Bank > (PALM 305) Exam 3 objectives > Flashcards

(PALM 305) Exam 3 objectives Flashcards

1
Q

Masson Trichrome

A

differentiates between collagen and muscle/fibrin

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2
Q

Masson trichrome results

A

Collagen and mucin: blue

Muscle, epithelium, fibrin, RBCS: Red

Nuclei: blue/black

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3
Q

Gomori 1-step trichrome

A

Differentiates between muscle and collagen. Stain of choice for distinguishing neuromuscular diseases

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4
Q

Gomori 1-step trichome results

A

Collagen and mucin: Green/blue

Muscle, keratin, epithelium, RBCs: Red

Nuclei: blue/back

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5
Q

VVG

A

elastic fibers

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6
Q

Aldehyde Fuchsin

A

Elastic Fibers

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7
Q

VVG results

A

Elastic fibers: black

Collagen: red

Muscle, Epithelium, RBCs: yellow

Nuclei: Black

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8
Q

Aldehyde fuchsin results

A

Elastic fibers: purple

Background: depends on counterstain

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9
Q

Orcein

A

Elastin fibers and copper-associated protein and hepatitis B surface antigen

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10
Q

Orcein results

A

Elastic fibers: red/brown (dark brown)

Background: counterstain

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11
Q

Resorcin-Fuchsin

A

Elastic fibers, identical to Verhoeff- van gieson if you use the same counterstain

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12
Q

Resorcin-fuchsin reults

A

Elastic fibers: blue-black

Collagen: red

Smooth muscle: yellow

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13
Q

Movat pentachrome

A

Mucin, Elastic fibrin, Muscle, collagen, nuclei

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14
Q

Movat Pentachrome results

A

Nuclei and elastic fibers: Black

collagen: yellow

Mucin, ground substances and fungus: Blue

Fibrin: intense/dark red

Muscle: red

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15
Q

Oxidation

A

glycol groups of reticulin fibers oxidized to aldehydes

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16
Q

examples of oxidizers

A

Phosphomolybdic acid (phospho acids), Potassium permanganate, periodic acid

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17
Q

Example of Bleaching

A

Potassium metabisulfite, oxalic acid

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18
Q

Sensitization/metallic impregnation

A

deposition of metallic salts on or around the aldehyde groups

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19
Q

Sensitizers examples

A

Ferric ammonium sulfate, Uranyl Nitrate, Dilute Solution of silver nitrate

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20
Q

Silver impregnantion

A

silver ions replace metallic salts in addition to reacting with any remaining exposed aldehydes

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21
Q

Silver solutions examples

A

ammoniacal silver, silver nitrate, Methenamine silver

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22
Q

Reduction/developing

A

silver ions are reduced to a visible brown precipitate

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23
Q

Reducers examples

A

Unbuffered formalin, Hydroquinone, Light (artificial or natural)

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24
Q

Toning

A

silver ions are replaced with gold ions forming a more intense, stable black precipitate

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25
Q

toning examples

A

gold chloride

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26
Q

sodium thiosulfate

A

aka as hypo, dissolves unreduced silver ions preventing nonspecific staining

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27
Q

Gomori reticulin

A

Reticular fibers

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28
Q

gomori reticulin results

A

Reticulin fibers: black

Nuclei/background: pink/red if counterstain. If no counterstain grey

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29
Q

Gordon and sweets

A

same as Gomori except it will use oxalic acid as a bleaching solution instead of potassium metabisulfite

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30
Q

PA-MS

A

Basement membranes and other GaGs

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31
Q

PA-MS results

A

Basement membrane: black

Background: depends on counterstain

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32
Q

PTAH

A

Cross striations in skeletal and cardiac muscle, and fibrin

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33
Q

PTAH results

A

Cross-striations, fibrin, nuclei: Blue

Collagen: Reddish/Brown

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34
Q

MSB (ledrum)

A

fibrin, can distinguish between old and newer deposits

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35
Q

MSB results

A

Muscle, Fibrin: red

-early fibrin: yellow

-Old deposits: blue

RBCs: yellow

Collagen: blue

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36
Q

Toluidine Blue

A

Mast cells

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37
Q

Toluidine Blue results

A

Mast cell granules: purple

Background: Blue

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38
Q

simple/neutral lipids

A

removed with processing

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39
Q

Compound lipids

A

retain some phospholipids and myelin

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40
Q

Derived lipids

A

cholesterol, bile acids, sex and adrenocortical hormones

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41
Q

Oil red O

A

simple/neutral lipids

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42
Q

oil red O results

A

Lipids: red
Background: blue/purple from hematoxilyn

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43
Q

Sudan Black B

A

demonstrates neutral and compound lipids.

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44
Q

Most sensitive lipid dye since it will stain phospholipids as well as neutral lipids

A

Sudan Black B results
Lipids: blue/black

Background: red/pink

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45
Q

Osmium tetroxide

A

lipids in formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue

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46
Q

osmium tetroxide results

A

lipids: black

47
Q

osmium tetroxide results

A

lipids: black

48
Q

Cell body

A

Main part of the cell

49
Q

Perikaryon

A

Cytoplasm

50
Q

Nissl Substance

A

rough ER, basophilic

51
Q

Chromatolysis

A

loss of nissl substance

52
Q

Axon

A

efferent, no nissl substance

53
Q

Dendrite

A

afferent, highly branched

54
Q

Oligodenendrocytes

A

produce myelin, unstained cytoplasm, found in both gray and white matter

55
Q

Astrocytes

A

stellate cells, scar formation, mechanical support for nerve fibers, regulates metabolite, fluid and gas exchange between nervous tissue, blood and CSF

56
Q

Microgila

A

Macrophages

57
Q

Ependymal cells

A

Epithelial cells that line ventricles and spinal canal, form selective barrier between nervous tissue and CSF

58
Q

Neurophill

A

acidophilic felt network of neuronal processes

59
Q

Myelin

A

Complex, fatty nonliving material containing protein, cholesterol, phospholipids, and cerebrosides

60
Q

Cresyl Echt (fast violet method)

A

Demonstrates nissl substance

61
Q

Cresyl Echt (fast violet method) results

A

Nissl substance and nuclei of neurons and glial cells: purple

Background: pale Blue/purple to colorless

62
Q

Bodian

A

Nerve fibers (axons and dendrites)

63
Q

Bodian results

A

Nerve fibers and nuclei: black

Background: optional aniline blue

64
Q

Holmes Silver nitrate method

A

same as bodian ( nerve fibers and nuclei) but it is an alkaline silver instead of acidic

65
Q

Bielschowsky results

A

Nerve fibers, plaques, tangles, neuromelanin, lipofuscin: black

Background: yellow/tan

66
Q

Thioflavin S

A

neurofibrillary tangles and plagues

67
Q

Thioflavin S results

A

tangles, plaques, amyloid: bright Green

68
Q

PTAH nervous tissue

A

Glial cells and myelin

69
Q

Holzer method

A

Glial cells

70
Q

Holzer results

A

Glial cells: blue to purple

Background: pale blue to colorless

71
Q

Weil method

A

demonstrates myelin

72
Q

LFB

A

Myelin

73
Q

LFB results

A

Myelin: blue

Background: pale to colorless

74
Q
A

Masson Trichrome

75
Q
A

Masson Trichrome

76
Q
A

Gomori Trichrome

77
Q
A

Gomori Trichrome

78
Q
A

VVG

79
Q
A

Aldehyde fuchsin elastic stain

80
Q
A

Orcein

81
Q
A

Orcein

82
Q
A

Resorcin-Fuchsin (Very Similar to VVG)

83
Q
A

Movat Pentachrome

84
Q
A

Gomori Reticulin

85
Q
A

Gordon Sweets

86
Q
A

PA-MS

87
Q
A

MSB (lendrum)

88
Q
A

MSB (lendrum)

89
Q
A

MSB (lendrum)

90
Q
A

Toludine Blue

91
Q
A

Oil Red O

92
Q
A

Sudan Black B

93
Q
A

Osmium Tetroxide

94
Q
A

Osmium Tetroxide

95
Q
A

Cresyl Echt Violet/ Fast Violet

96
Q
A

Bodian/Holmes
No Counterstain

97
Q
A

Bodian/Holmes
Counterstain

98
Q
A

Bodian/Holmes
Counterstain

99
Q
A

Bielchowsky

100
Q
A

Thioflavin S

101
Q
A

PTAH

102
Q
A

PTAH

103
Q
A

PTAH

104
Q
A

PTAH

105
Q
A

Holzer

106
Q
A

Weil method

107
Q
A

LFB

108
Q
A

LFB and hematoxylin

109
Q
A

LFB and Cresyl Violet

110
Q
A

LFB ans PAS

111
Q

LFB and ORO

A

Myelin and Lipids

112
Q

Bielschowsky

A

neurofibrillary tangles and plagues

113
Q

PTAH results (nervous tissue)

A

Glial fibers, myelin, nuclei: blue/purple

Neurons: Red

114
Q

Weil results

A

Myelin: black/blue

Background: light tanish, colorless in grey matter bc of low myelin content

A. Question Bank (6 decks)

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