paper 1 - coastal management

Question 1

what are sea walls?

Answer 1

walls are built at the back of beaches to reflect waves back into the sea

Question 2

2 advantages of sea walls?

Answer 2

they prevent erosion and can last for years

Question 3

2 disadvantages of sea walls?

Answer 3

they are expensive to build/maintain and can appear unattractive

Question 4

what is rock armour?

Answer 4

large boulders are placed along the coastline to absorb the power of waves

Question 5

2 advantages of rock armour?

Answer 5

cheap and easy to build/maintain

Question 6

1 disadvantage of rock armour?

Answer 6

unattractive

Question 7

what are groynes?

Answer 7

wooden or concrete barriers are build at right angles to prevent longshore drift and trap sediment

Question 8

2 advantages of groynes?

Answer 8

cheap and effective

Question 9

1 disadvantage of groynes?

Answer 9

restriction of the movement of sediment may move problems further down the coast

Question 10

what are gabions?

Answer 10

wire cages filled with rocks are places at base of cliff to absorb wave energy

Question 11

2 advantages of gabions?

Answer 11

cheap and easy to construct

Question 12

2 disadvantages of gabions?

Answer 12

cages can erode and they are unattractive

Question 13

what is beach nourishment?

Answer 13

sediment is either added to the beach or moved from one place to another on the beach

Question 14

1 advantage of beach nourishment?

Answer 14

creates a wider beach which can attract tourists

Question 15

2 disadvantages of beach nourishment?

Answer 15

expensive and must be repeated regularly

Question 16

what is dune regeneration?

Answer 16

dunes are created or restored by adding more sand or building fences

Question 17

2 advantages of dune regeneration?

Answer 17

help maintain natural habitat and effective

Question 18

2 disadvantages of dune regeneration?

Answer 18

expensive and requires maintenance

Question 19

what is managed retreat?

Answer 19

allows land to become naturally flooded, creating an area of mudflats that protect inland areas

Question 20

2 advantages of managed retreat?

Answer 20

cheap and natural

Question 21

1 disadvantage of managed retreat?

Answer 21

large areas of agriculture los

Question 22

case study: Holderness coast
reason for management?

Answer 22

The holderness coast is at threat from erosion, putting many businesses, homes, farmland and infrastructure at risk

Question 23

management strategy in the Holderness coast?

Answer 23

Many groynes have been installed to prevent longshore drift and build up the beach as well as rock armour to absorb wave energy

Question 24

disadvantages of scheme?

Answer 24

high cost of building so only vulnerable areas have been protected, leaving large areas vulnerable to damage. The unprotected areas are being eroded quicker than protected areas, causing bays and headlands to form which can be costly to protect

Question 25

advantages of scheme?

Answer 25

coastal management schemes have helped protect many key areas for example, groynes at Mappleton have prevented the movement of sediment down the coast through longshore drift