PAPER pt 2

Question 1

what is the most popular paper-making machine?

Answer 1

Fourdrinier

Question 2

which machine makes better quality paper? fourdrinier or cylinder?

Answer 2

Fourdrinier

Question 3

what do calendar rolls do?

Answer 3

applies pressure to the papers between rollers to compress the fibers - increases their density and smooths the surface

Question 4

what are some dry end treatments?

Answer 4

• clay coating (gaps, whiteness, printability)

- other coatings (gloss, water resist)

Question 5

why does paper tear more easily in a specific direction?

Answer 5

the moving mesh of the paper-making machine causes fibers to align predominantly in a direction - makes it easier to tear along the grain rather than across

Question 6

fold endurance is (greater/weaker) across the grain than along it

Answer 6

greater

Question 7

what thickness delineates between paper and paperboard?

Answer 7

0.012 inches (300 micrometers)

Question 8

when it’s humid, what happens to paper’s size?

Answer 8

increases

Question 9

what temperature and RH is standardized for paper?

Answer 9

temp = 23C
RH = 50%

Question 10

Kraft paper characteristics and uses

Answer 10

• brown, unbleached

- grocery bags, wrapping

Question 11

Sulfite paper characteristics and uses

Answer 11

• lighter, weaker, high print quality

- small bags for biscuits and confectionary

Question 12

bleached paper characteristics and uses

Answer 12

• white, can be glossy

- bags, labels

Question 13

parchment paper characteristics and uses

Answer 13

• translucent, gelatinized surface

- butter

Question 14

glassine paper characteristics and uses

Answer 14

• very smooth, water and grease proof

- deli meats, cheese

Question 15

cellophane paper characteristics and uses

Answer 15

• transparent, brittle

- chocolate

Question 16

chipboard characteristics and uses

Answer 16

low quality recycle (not for direct contact w food)

Question 17

lined chipboard characteristics and uses

Answer 17

• SWL (singl white lined); DWL (double white lined)

- one-sided print; two sided print

Question 18

solid unbleached sulfate

Answer 18

• SUS: 100% chemical pulp

Question 19

solid bleached sulfate

Answer 19

• SBS - 100% bleached chemical pulp

Question 20

what are some general applications of paperboard?

Answer 20

• folding cartons
• liquid type containers
• fiber cans
• carded displays

Question 21

important design considerations

Answer 21

• nature of product (weight, liquid/solid)
• level of packaging (primary/secondary)
• design needs
• functional features
• single use/multiple use
• recycling needs
• retailing/transportation

Question 22

what are the steps of making a box?

Answer 22

• cut the blank (box template)
• score (making crease lines to fold on)
• crease
• cut score

Question 23

what must a blank do?

Answer 23

• result in a useful box

- be compatible with machinery

Question 24

what are some things you should test for paperboard?

Answer 24

• weight
• thickness
• folding endurance
• puncture resistance
• bursting strength
• tensile strength
• water vapor permeability

Question 25

advantages of paper/paperboard

Answer 25

• $
• versatile
• easy to manufacture
• printable
• treatable
• renewable/biodegradable

Question 26

disadvantages of paper/paperboard

Answer 26

• mechanical properties
• thermal stability
• barrier properties

Question 27

how many trees do you need to yield 1 ton of paper using the mechanical pulping method?

Answer 27

17-19 trees

Question 28

how many trees do you need to yield 1 ton of paper using the chemical pulping method?

Answer 28

34-38 trees

Question 29

why can’t recycled chipboard be used for direct packaging?

Answer 29

residual contaminants