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Pharma > Part 2 > Flashcards

Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Treatment for quick relief of asthma (acute cases)

A

SABA (salbutamol or albuterol)
Systemic corticosteroids (prednisone, Prednisolone , Methylprednisolone)
Anticholinergics (Ipratropium)

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2
Q

Side effects of SABA

A

Tremor, Tachycardia, Hypokalemia

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3
Q

1st line DOC in chronic asthma?

A

Inhaled corticosteroids

Beclomethasone, Fluticasone, Mometasone, Budesonide

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4
Q

Side effect of inhaled corticosteroids

A

Oropharyngeal candidiasis

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5
Q

LABA drugs

A

Formoterol Salmeterol

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6
Q

Long acting Anti-cholinergic drug?

A

Tiotropium

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7
Q

Drug’s contraindicated in asthmatic patients

A

Beta Blockers, LABA alone , Aspirin

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8
Q

Mineral corticosteroids

A

Fludrocortisone, Deoxy-corticosteroid, Aldosterone

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9
Q

Most potent corticosteroid

A

Dexamethasone

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10
Q

Least potent corticosteroid

A

Hydrocortisone

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11
Q

What’s the maximum Prednisone dose in asthmatic patient

A

60 mg/kg

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12
Q

Function of alpha-1-antitrypsin in lung

A

Protect the lungs from neutrophils elastase & enhance alveolar exchange

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13
Q

Indapamide used in

A

Pulmonary edema and essential hypertension

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14
Q

MOA of Cromolyn

A

Mast cell stabilizer

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15
Q

Patient with respiratory depression from anesthesia

A

Picrotoxin

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16
Q

Hepatotoxicity of paracetamol due to ?

A

Glutathione depletion

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17
Q

Why is Lactulose used in Hepatic Encephalopathy?

A

To decrease ammonia levels in blood

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18
Q

Hb1 genotype hepatic patient treatment?

A

Interferon , Ribavirin

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19
Q

Fat, soluble, vitamins, important for liver

A

Vit A,D,E,K

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20
Q

Precursor of bile?

A

Cholesterol

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21
Q

Vitamins involved in fatty acids synthesis

A

B5 B3 B2

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22
Q

Neuromuscular blocker used in renal or hepatic failure

A

Atracurim

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23
Q

When a patient has high amylase+lipase it’s called?

A

Pancreatitis

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24
Q

High liver enzyme and normal bilirubin?(what is it called)

A

Cirrhosis

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25
Q

High liver enzyme and high bilirubin?(what is it called)

A

Stenosis

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26
Q

Flow of bile Decreased or Blocked
( high Bilirubin)

A

Cholestasis

27
Q

Chloramphenicol liver inhibitor MOA?

A

Decrease metabolism and increase response

28
Q

Hepatotoxicity drug should be discontinued if?

A

LFT > 3 folds than the upper limit

29
Q

Nucleoside/Reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) contraindicated in which conditions?

A

Lactic acidosis, Sever hepatomegaly with stenosis, HBV exacerbation

30
Q

Why is NAPQI produced?

A

Due to paracetamol oxidation

31
Q

Detoxification of NAPQI

A

Glutathione conjugation

32
Q

Precursor of Vit D?

A

7 DHC (Dihydrocholestarol)

33
Q

GFR is measured by?

A

Inulin

34
Q

In healthy kidney protein binding and albumin should not pass the filter
True or false?

A

True

35
Q

4 indications for dialysis?

A

High potassium level
Overload and no filtration
Acidosis
Uremia ( high uric acid in blood)

36
Q

Kidney failure diuretic DOC?

A

Loop diuretics ( Furosemide)
Because it decreases the potassium

37
Q

Treatment of kidney failure + Hyperkalemia

A

Calcium gluconate or CaCl2

38
Q

Anticoagulant with dialysis

A

Heparin

39
Q

Drug’s contraindicated in kidney failure

A

Aminoglycosides , potassium sparing diuretics, Metformin

40
Q

Vit D that is used in CKD

A

1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol

41
Q

Treatment of anemia with CKD

A

Epoiten

42
Q

Anemia in CKD with iron deficiency treatment

A

Darbepoetin

43
Q

Patient on dialysis and has anemia , he is taking Epoetin, hemoglobin level should be?

A

Less than 11
If it increases more than 11 it will cause cardiovascular disease

44
Q

Patient on dialysis and taking Sevelmer and is feeling face numbness what’s the reason?

A

Sevelmer causes hypophospatemia which causes face numbness

45
Q

Normal potassium level?

A

3.5-5

46
Q

Deficiency of Vit A causes?

A

Night blindness

47
Q

Deficiency of Vit D causes?

A

Rickets, Osteomalacia

48
Q

Deficiency of Vit E causes?

A

Thalassemia, infertility

49
Q

Deficiency of Vit K causes?

A

Bleeding

50
Q

Deficiency of Vit B1 ( thiamin) causes?

A

Beri-Beri

51
Q

Deficiency of Vit B2 (Riboflavin) causes?

A

Ariboflavinosis

52
Q

Deficiency of Vit B3 (Niacin) causes?

A

Pellagra

53
Q

Deficiency of Vit B5 causes?

A

Paresthesia

54
Q

Deficiency of Vit B6 causes?

A

Neurological symptoms

55
Q

Deficiency of Vit B7 causes?

A

Alopecia , Dermatitis

56
Q

Deficiency of Vit B9 causes?

A

Megaloblastic anemia, Neutral tube defect

57
Q

Deficiency of Vit B12 causes?

A

Megaloblastic anemia, pernicious anemia

58
Q

Deficiency of Vit C causes?

A

Scurvy, ginivitis

59
Q

Unfractionated Heparin has shorter half life which causes?

A

Heaprin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)

60
Q

Low molecular weight heparin(Enoxaparin) dose?

A

1mg/kg/day BID or
1.5mg/kg/day OD
If GFR <30 , 1mg/kg/day OD
Hip replacement prophylaxis 40mg/day OD

61
Q

Direct thrombin inhibitors ?

A

Oral : Dabigatran
Parental: Argatroban

62
Q

Treatment of heparin induced thrombocytopenia

A

Arganotroban

63
Q

Direct factor Xa inhibitors?

A

Oral : Rivaroxaban ,Apixaban
Parenteral : Fondaparinux

Pharma (4 decks)

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