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yr 9 exams > Particle theory > Flashcards

Particle theory Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three states of matter?

A

Solids, liquids and gases

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2
Q

The Particle Model explains the properties of the different states by looking at:

A
  • movement of particles
  • average distance between particles
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3
Q

arrangement of particles in solids

A

closely touching and in a regular pattern

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4
Q

movement of particles in solids

A

cannot move but can vibrate

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5
Q

arrangement of particles in liquids

A

irregular pattern but most particles touch eachother

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6
Q

movement of particles in liquids

A

randomly move and touch other particles

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7
Q

arrangement of particles in gases

A

random particles with no particles touching one another

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8
Q

movement of particles in gases

A

move around freely and sometimes collide with other particles

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9
Q

How is pressure caused?

A

It is caused by particles colliding with one another and with the container

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10
Q

When does the pressure in the gas get higher? And why?

A

The hotter the gas the quicker the particles are. They collide more often and more energetic increasing the pressure

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11
Q

liquid to Gas

A

evaporation

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12
Q

Gas to liquid

A

condensation

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13
Q

solid to liquid

A

melting

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14
Q

liquid to solid

A

freezing/ solidification

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15
Q

Gas to solid

A

sublimation/ distillation

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16
Q

melting point

A

solid to liquid

17
Q

boiling point

A

liquid to gas

18
Q

melting definition

A

heating a solid the particles gain energy and vibrate more vigorously. The forces of attraction are weakened and the solid melts.

19
Q

Boiling definition

A

Heating a liquid the particles gain energy and move around faster. The forces of attraction between the particles are overcome and the liquid boils.

20
Q

evaporation definition

A

Is caused by a few particles on the surface having lots of energy and moving fast enough to completely overcome the interlocular forces and form a gas.

21
Q

limitations of the particle theory

A
  • no forces between the particles
  • the particles are spheres
  • solid spheres but particles are not solid
22
Q

definition of a pure substance

A

a single element/ compound that is not mixed with any other substances

23
Q

definition of mixture

A

mix between two or more substances that are not chemically joined together

24
Q

definition of compound

A

substances that are chemically joined together

25
Q

what is a formulation?

A

A mixture that was made for a particular purpose

26
Q

definition of filtration

A

separating an insoluble from a liquid

27
Q

definition of crystallization

A

obtaining a solute from a solvent

28
Q

what happens if the chromatography experiment shows only one spot

A

it is a pure substance

29
Q

Rf value =

A

distance moved by spot/ distance moved by solvent

yr 9 exams (15 decks)

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