Party ideologies

Question 1

What are the core values of liberalism ?

Answer 1

-The Individual - should pursure their own life
-Freedom -natural right
-Reason - humans are rational creatures
-Tolerance - tolerate others beliefs, values and cultures
-Justice and Equality

Question 2

What is positive liberty ?

Answer 2

Freedom to choose from a wide range of opportunities and realise your potential

Question 3

What is negative liberty ?

Answer 3

Freedom fron intrusion and obstruction from others

Question 4

What are the views of classical liberals ?

Answer 4

-Government should protect ‘life, liberty and property” and not much more.
-Laissez faire approach
-Free market with minimal govt interference

Question 5

What are the views of modern liberals ?

Answer 5

-Social darwinism
-Inequality is natural as some will get ahead of others as peo;e may work harder

Question 6

What is meritocracy ?

Answer 6

Social class should be based on your merit, talents and hardwork

Question 7

What is constituitionalism ?

Answer 7

-Constituitons prevent the govt from infringing on the rights of the people

Question 8

What is government by consent ?

Answer 8

-Legitimacy can no longer be based on tradition - authority must come from the people

Question 9

What are the Conservative core values?

Answer 9

-Tradition - traditional instituitions are worth preserving
-Human Interaction - pessomistic view of humanity (humans are imperfect)
-Order - Strong law enforcement
-Hierachy - we are born unequal - natural hierarchy - strict laws ensure order
-Property - Those with property will respect the property of others

Question 10

What are One Nation Tories ?

Answer 10

-disraeli (PM warned that the Uk was splitting into two nations)
-Theory that for the sake of the organic society there needed to be one society but did not oppose the existence of social hierachy
-belief in paternalism

Question 11

What is paternalism ?

Answer 11

-When govt, people or organisations limit the freedom of others for their own good

Question 12

What is the organic society ?

Answer 12

classical conservative belief that society is more like a living organism than a machine - everybody has a role to play

Question 13

What are factions within the conservative party ?

Answer 13

-ERG (european research group)
-CRG (covid recovery group)
-One nation caucus

Question 14

What is Neo-Liberalism ?

Answer 14

-Free markets
-Reduced public spending
-low taxes
-deregulation

Question 15

What is Neo-conservatism

Answer 15

-Maintain order
-Protect traditional instituitions and values
-Patriotism

Question 16

What are the Labour parties core values ?

Answer 16

-Egalitariansim - tackling economic inequality
-Socialsist argue that equality of opportutnity is largely a myth - inequality results from rigid class structures and capitalist

Question 17

What is democratic socialism ?

Answer 17

-Capitalism is inherently exploitative and therefore must be abolished
-Private property must be replaced by new systems of social ownership

Question 18

What is social democracy ?

Answer 18

-Accepts capitalism but supports signifficant state intervention to address its most exploited
-Nationalise some major industry
-Keynesian intervention to stimulate demand and lower unemployment
-Increase legal protections amd redistribute wealth through welfare
eg, harold wilson, Tony Blair , Keir starmer

Question 19

What is Sinn Feins ideaology ?

Answer 19

-irish republicansim
-Democratic socialism

Question 20

What is Reform Uk ideaology ?

Answer 20

-Neo-liberalist party

Question 21

What effect does Reform Uk have on governemnt policy ?

Answer 21

-Could swing conservative voters
-Deals often made with cons surrounding marginal seats
-UKIP and Brexit party

Question 22

What is political agenda

Answer 22

what a party wants to get dome / achieve

Question 23

What is agenda setting ?

Answer 23

Policies which a party bases their campaign on

Question 24

What are the main functions fo politcial parties ?

Answer 24

-Governing and electtioneering
-Raising money
-Policy development & policy intergration
-Representation
-Recruitment
-Participation

Question 25

What is a One Party system ?

Answer 25

-associated with authoritarian regimes
-single party has monopoly of power
-communist regimes (china, North Korea)

Question 26

What is a Two-Party system ?

Answer 26

-two major parties
-both parties have a storng chance of gaining power
-may be other parties but they do not compete for office
-tend to flourish where FPTP is used
-Britain and US

Question 27

What is a Multi party system ?

Answer 27

-Govt tends to be coalitions
-Not a clear distinction between opposition and govt
-common where proportional representation is use d
-Finland, Italy

Question 28

What is a dmoninant party system ?

Answer 28

-Exists where there is free competition between parties
-only one party is likely to achieve am absolute majority in votes
-African national congress in SA

Question 29

Why does the Uk have a two party system ?

Answer 29

-The electoral system
-The existence of broad catch-all parties
-emphasis on being in govt or opposition
-problems faced by mior and third parties