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Yr1-S2 - Resp System > Pathophysiology of Pulmonary infection > Flashcards

Pathophysiology of Pulmonary infection Flashcards

1
Q

Coryza

A

common cold

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2
Q

Croup

A

acute laryngotracheobronchitis

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3
Q

Various URTIs

A 
Coryza 
Croup 
Laryngitis 
Sinusitis 
Acute Epiglottitis
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4
Q

Acute Epiglottitis

A

haemophilus influenza (tybe b Hib)

Group A Strep

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5
Q

Lower respiratory tract infections

A

Bronchitis
Bronchiolitis
Pneumonia

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6
Q

Respiratory Tract defence mechanisms

A

General immune system

respiratory tract secretions

upper respiratory tract acts as a ‘filter’

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7
Q

Ways of particle clearance from the lungs

A

Mucociliary escalator

alveolar macrophage phagocytosis

Cough reflex

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8
Q

Influenze

A

bronchial epithelium loss

cytopathic effect of viral infection

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9
Q

Classifications of pneumonia

A

community acquired pneumonia

hospital acquired pneumonia

Atypical

Aspiration

recurrent

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10
Q

Complications of pneumonia

A

(most cases resolve)

Pleurisy, pleural effusion

organisation (mass lesions)

lung abscess

potentially fatal

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11
Q

Pleural effusion

A

‘water on the lungs’

build up of fluid between the pleural membranes

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12
Q

Pleural Empyema

A

gathering of pus in pleural cavity

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13
Q

Bronchiectasis

A

pathological dilatation of bronchi

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14
Q

Symptoms of bronchiectasis

A

cough

abundant purulent foul sputum

coarse crackles

clubbing

haemoptysis

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15
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

genetic disorder

frequent lung infections

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16
Q

Air flow can be…

A

laminar

turbulent

17
Q

Range of normal PaO2 (kPa)

A

10.5-13.5 kPa

18
Q

Abnormal pulmonary gas exchange

A

ventilation/perfusion imbalance

diffusion impairment

alveolar hypoventilation

shunt

19
Q

Physiological pulmonary arteriolar vasoconstriction occurs when

A

alveolar oxygen tension falls (can be a localised effect)

20
Q

all vessels constrict if there is

A

arterial hypoxaemia

21
Q

Shunt

A

blood passing from right to left side of the heart WITHOUT contacting ventilated alveoli

22
Q

Hypoventilation increases ….. and therefore also increases ……

A

PACO2

PaCO2

Yr1-S2 - Resp System (26 decks)

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